Suchergebnisse

This study helps document the important role of extended family living-considered in terms of both coresidence and child proximity-in helping to predict assistance with paying household expenses among elderly unmarried women in seven Latin American and Caribbean cities: Bridgetown, Buenos Aires, Havana, Mexico City, Montevideo, Santiago (Chile) and Sao Paulo. It also looks into the idea that economic need helps predict family assistance to elderly unmarried women. Data come from special, comparable, surveys of elders aged 60 and over gathered in 2000. Using binomial logistic regression, study findings are consistent with the notion that extended family living is important for receiving help with basic household expenses among unmarried elderly women. However, study findings do not support the notion that economic need fosters help with household expenses among unmarried elderly women. While the effect of extended family living tended to be similar across the different urban areas, extended family living also had the additional quality of explaining the differences in the proportion of unmarried elderly women receiving help with paying household expenses in Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Havana and Sao Paulo. However, the proportion remained low in Bridgetown and high in both Mexico City and Santiago.

This paper examines the relative likelihood of an adolescent 13-16 being in school by his or her family situation in two Latin American countries, Argentina and Panama. Both countries had moderate levels of school attendance but rather different socioeconomic conditions and marital patterns. Family situations included parents who were unmarried, consensually married or formally married, and family households that were singleparent, simple two-headed or complex. Children's living arrangements were diverse and differed between countries, but despite this, the study finds that children living in formally-married two- parent simple family households in both countries were most likely to still be in school after controlling for a number of factors thought to affect school attendance. The finding could inform debates about the nature of social reproduction under different family regimes.

Although the value of information on marital status is often questioned seriously, this note assumes that it is valuable and comments on its rather distinctive but confusing nature in Latin American censuses. Latin American censuses often list "consensual union" as a marital status. This is confusing however, because one has to wonder what this means and how one is supposed to use the information in comparative studies. It would seem that "consensual union" is at once too inclusive and too limiting a term. Although one might consider consensual union theoretically to be a type of trial marriage, censuses and surveys also use the tenn for unions that might better be termed customary marriage, common-law marriage or childless cohabitation. Curiously perhaps, the term "consensual union,' is usually not used to denote stable, child-producing "visiting unions" in which the partners do not share a common residence. Rather, people in visiting unions are usually called "single" although they are clearly in a stable sexual relationship. Should different kinds of unions ideally be allocated separate and more accurate labels?

This paper investigates whether urban/ rural residence or husband's occupation is related to household extension in six Latin American countries in the middle 1970s. Since urban households were more likely to be extended than rural households among the less well educated, the urban/rural differences appeared more consistent with a world-system perspective than with a "modernization" view. It is important to note, however, that the existence of a difference was not universal, being absent in Mexico and Peru. Also, husband's occupation was only important among the urban dwellers of three of the six countries, perhaps suggesting that a sizable urban/ industrial economy must exist for there to be a relationship. The paper ends by noting a number of study limitations which could be addressed in future research.

Am Beispiel einer Befragung auf den Philippinen und in Taiwan Test der Hypothese, daß ein Sozialversicherungssystem zu einem verringerten Fruchtbarkeitsverhalten der Bevölkerung führt verglichen mit der üblichen Alterssicherung im traditionellen Familienverband. Trotz grundsätzlicher Bestätigung dieser Hypothese machen Sonderfälle und Abweichungen bei einer detaillierten Aufgliederung der Befragungsergebnisse die Notwendigkeit zu weiterer Forschung auf diesem Gebiet deutlich. (DÜI-Hlb)