Suchergebnisse

Objective: To review the literature about the description of concepts and the use of scientific evidence in Public Health (PH). Methods: A narrative review was carried out using and combining the keywords "Public Health" OR "Collective Health"; "Evidence-based medicine" and "Evidence-informed policy" to consult the Lilacs, SciELO and MedLine databases. The searches were limited to articles published between January 1990 and December 2016 in Portuguese and/or English. The studies were selected by two independent authors who read the title, abstract and full text. For the synthesis process, the themes found were grouped into three main guiding axes: health evidence and practice, PH evidence, and the advances and challenges of Evidence-Informed Public Health (EIPH). Results: The findings of this review point out that decision making in PH is more complex than individual clinical decisions as it involves assessment of budgetary and political impacts, thus reinforcing the relevance of adopting evidence-informed practice in this field. Conclusion: The means of appropriation and use of evidence in the PH field are complex because they involve assumptions of plausibility and adequacy that are not always observed in individual interventions. Yet, the field benefits from the approach observed in EIPH and, particularly, in health decision making. ; Objetivo: Revisar en la literatura la descripción de los conceptos y el empleo de las evidencias científicas en el ámbito de la Salud Colectiva (SC). Métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa utilizando y mesclando las palabras-clave "Salud Pública" OR "Salud Colectiva"; "Medicina basada en la evidencia" AND "Política informada por evidencias" a través de la consulta en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO y MEDLINE. Las búsquedas se han limitado al período entre enero de 1990 y diciembre de 2016 en los idiomas portugués y/o inglés. La selección de los estudios se dio por dos autores de modo independiente a través de la lectura del título, resumen y texto completo. Para el proceso ...

Objective: The objective of this review is to scope the evidence on how researchers, health, and social care professionals in Brazil currently identify and manage frailty in older adults. Introduction: The rapidly aging population and associated increased healthcare usage by older people with frailty are challenging the sustainability of healthcare for older people in Brazil. Understanding how frailty is identified, measured, categorized, and managed in Brazil is an important part of building a response to the challenge. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider studies that included older Brazilian adults (≥60 years old) recruited from different settings (community, primary care, health care centers, hospital, and long-term care institutions). Studies will be included if they involved any kind of frailty assessment (tools, scales, and measures) and/or interventions. This review will consider all study designs, regardless of their rigor. National policies for older people will be also be considered for analysis. Methods: Indexed and gray literature in English or Portuguese from 2001 to the present will be considered. The searches will be conducted using bibliographic databases, university repositories, and the Brazilian Government official database. The studies will be independently screened according to the inclusion criteria by two reviewers based on their title, abstract, and full text. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer will be consulted. A customized data extraction form will be used to extract data from the included studies. The results will be presented in tabular form, accompanied by a narrative summary related to the objective of the present scoping review.