Suchergebnisse

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- CHAPTER I. What Is the Muslim Brotherhood in the West? -- CHAPTER II. Joining and Leaving the Brotherhood -- CHAPTER III. Kamal Helbawy -- CHAPTER IV. Ahmed Akkari -- CHAPTER V. Pierre Durrani -- CHAPTER VI. Mohamed Louizi -- CHAPTER VII. Omero Marongiu -- CHAPTER VIII. Pernilla Ouis -- CHAPTER IX. The American Brothers -- CHAPTER X. Joining and Leaving -- CHAPTER XI. The Western Brotherhood's Future -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index

In the past few years, the MENA region witnessed a rise in jihadist extremism and radicalization, as countries in the area were rocked by a series of deadly terrorist attacks. As authorities responded to the threat, it became clear that in order to effectively counter the phenomenon, traditional repressive measures had to now be accompanied by alternative methods of prevention, rehabilitation and dissuasion. How have different governments around the Mediterranean responded? What sort of alternative measures have been taken? How effective have these policies been? What further steps can be taken to strengthen the response of the authorities? These are just some of the key issues that this ISPI Report seeks to cover. The experts in this volume illustrate the policies of contrast, prevention and de-radicalization that have been adopted by countries in the MENA region, revealing emerging trends, lessons learned and overviews of this security status.

In the past few years, the MENA region witnessed a rise in jihadist extremism and radicalization, as countries in the area were rocked by a series of deadly terrorist attacks. As authorities responded to the threat, it became clear that in order to effectively counter the phenomenon, traditional repressive measures had to now be accompanied by alternative methods of prevention, rehabilitation and dissuasion. How have different governments around the Mediterranean responded? What sort of alternative measures have been taken? How effective have these policies been? What further steps can be taken to strengthen the response of the authorities? These are just some of the key issues that this ISPI Report seeks to cover. The experts in this volume illustrate the policies of contrast, prevention and de-radicalization that have been adopted by countries in the MENA region, revealing emerging trends, lessons learned and overviews of this security status.

The number of European jihadists currently fighting in Syria surpasses that of any comparable past mobilisation. Authorities throughout the continent fear that some returnees from the conflict, having become further radicalised and having acquired technical skills, might carry out attacks in Europe. They sometimes hold up as an example the man alleged to have carried out the shooting at the Jewish Museum of Belgium in Brussels in May 2014. The profiles of European jihadists in Syria are extremely diverse. Some have long been involved in militant actions. Others converted to Islam or became radicalised only shortly before travelling to Syria. Some reach the country through recruitment networks, while others travel independently. European countries have reacted to the phenomenon with a mixture of hard and soft measures. They often find it difficult to file criminal charges against individuals seeking to travel to or having returned from Syria because of the problems involved in obtaining sufficient evidence. Various softer measures have been put in place to dissuade individuals from travelling and to rehabilitate returnees.

"The article seeks to outline the evolution of European jihadism from its origins in the late 1980s to its most current developments. It argues that today the movement is highly diverse and increasingly managing to establish ties with groups operating outside of Europe. But it is also relatively contained, its appeal limited to small clusters operating at the fringes of - and increasingly in contraposition with European Muslim communities." (author's abstract)