Suchergebnisse

A través de la técnica del análisis de contenido, en este artículo se analiza el discurso de los invitados a las tertulias políticas del programa televisivo Las Mañanas de Cuatro. En general, las intervenciones de los tertulianos no parecen estar basadas en la reflexión autónoma, no se produce un análisis complejo de la realidad y no se suelen fundamentar las opiniones transmitidas. La mayoría de ellos ejercen, aparentemente, el mero papel de portavoces de determinados medios de comunicación y partidos políticos, y reproducen el discurso elaborado por dichos entes. El discurso de casi todos los contertulios se caracteriza por el partidismo, de modo que los mensajes transmitidos se pueden clasificar por grupos en función de su ideología, lo cual nos lleva a concluir que estos actores se convierten en un simple instrumento para influir en el proceso de formación de la opinión pública. Como consecuencia, los tertulianos analizados no parecen desempeñar un papel protagonista en este proceso, puesto que carecen, en sentido estricto, de la capacidad de "fabricar opinión" a la que se refiere Giorgio Grossi. Sin embargo, la frecuencia con la que se repiten mensajes en las intervenciones de diferentes sujetos también parece indicar que los tertulianos sí que ejercen un papel relevante en la generación del clima de opinión, produciendo la impresión de que esas opiniones son mayoritarias y forman parte de un consenso. ; Utilising the technique of content analysis, this article explores the discourse of guests invited to participate in the political debate that forms part of the television programme Las Mañanas de Cuatro. In general, their participation does not appear to be based on autonomous reflection, does not provide a complex analysis of social and political reality, and does not usually result in the transmission of well-founded opinions. Most panellists simply seem to play the role of spokesperson for certain media sources and political parties, reproducing the discourse of such entities. The discourse of almost all panellists is characterised by partisanship; as such, it is possible to classify the messages transmitted into specific groups according to their ideology. This leads us to the conclusion that these actors become a mere instrument to influence the process of public opinion formation. As a result, the talk show guests analysed do not appear to play a leading role in this process because, strictly speaking, they lack the ability to "fabricate opinion", as proposed by Giorgio Grossi. However, the frequency with which many of the messages are repeated in the comments of different panellists also suggests that these actors do play a relevant role in generating the climate of opinion, leading to the impression that the views they express are in the majority and form part of a consensus.

Purpose
Attention on the issue of individual level conflict between work and life roles remains a feature of studies on work-life balance. However, few studies have examined gender differences in the work-to-life conflict (WLC) and the life-to-work conflict (LWC) over a given period in Spain. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap in the literature.


Design/methodology/approach
This research uses a two-wave (2009–2014) sample of working employees with children from an industrial sector in Spain.


Findings
The 2009 results showed no gender differences in WLC; however, women experienced LWC significantly more than men. Conversely, the 2014 results showed more men suffered WLC and no gender differences were found for LWC.


Research limitations/implications
One limitation is that we do not know if the same respondents answered the questionnaires in both time periods. Second, we did not analyse the inter-role conflict experienced by childless or single employees. Finally, and as stated before, findings may not be generalisable to other countries or sectors of activities.


Social implications
Our findings are discussed in the context of the economic crisis, the labour market and family co-responsibility in Spanish society.


Originality/value
Few studies have explored gender differences on inter-role conflict at two time points, and helps to identify key findings in terms of co-responsibility. Furthermore, this research is conducted in Spain, which is under-researched in WLB terms. The paper also identifies two distinct constructs of the inter-role conflict.

8 páginas.-- 2 figuras.-- 1 tabla.-- 37 referencias.-- Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article doi:10.1007/s13762-014-0635-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users http://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1007%2Fs13762-014-0635-7/MediaObjects/13762_2014_635_MOESM1_ESM.docx ; Decomposition of soil organic matter by microorganisms is a major process governing the carbon balance between soil and atmosphere which needs to be fully understood. Extracellular enzyme activity is often the limiting factor for microbial utilization of soil organic matter. Contrary to expectations, we observed that enzymatic activity rises at increasing temperatures in soils and sediments. Current climatic change will induce the increase of global mean temperatures, frequency of extreme heat events and soil temperatures during the next decades. The relevance of the increase in activity at high temperature is dependent on latitude. At latitudes around and below 40° a significant number of days per year present high temperatures. Results suggest that the hydrolytic activity of microbial extracellular enzymes is currently underestimated mainly at medium and low latitudes where soil temperatures frequently reach high values (often above 40 °C). This report contributes to understand (1) the hydrolysis of soil organic matter within a latitude-dependent scenario of global warming and (2) the role of microorganisms in processing soil organic matter and their influence in carbon cycling. ; This work was supported by Grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, CGL2009-12328/BOS and CSD2009-00006, and the regional government of Andalusia (RNM2529 and BIO288). The participation of FEDER funds in these Projects is acknowledge ; Peer Reviewed