Suchergebnisse

Abstract
This study, prepared for the Scientific Veterinary Committee, deals with the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) in food of plant origin and the determination of virulence and antimicrobial resistance in the isolates obtained. The aim was to design and validate a culture procedure for the detection of klebsiella in food damples and to compare the results of prevalence, resistance and virulence obtained in this study with the results of typing of KPN from humans and animals. For the detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae in food, a culture method was described and validated based on testing a 25 g sample, non‐selective enrichment in buffered peptone water with subsequent plating on a chromogenic medium for klebsiella. A total of 51 samples of ready‐to‐eat packaged vegetables from 8 countries were tested. The presence of KPN was confirmed in 24 samples (47 %).
Screening for specific virulence genes and phenotype resistance did not confirm the spread of hypervirulent and/or multidrug‐resistant strains through food of plant origin. Comparison of virulence and resistance with human and animal strains showed that virulent and resistant strains are isolated most frequently from the respiratory tract of humans, and somewhat less frequently from animals (especially pigs).
Foods of plant origin do not pose a health risk to consumers in terms of virulence and resistance to antimicrobials, but the study shows that a different situation can be expected for foods of animal origin, especially from pigs, where strains with ESBL‐type resistance as well as strains with high virulence scores have occurred.

Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis is a chronic disease that affects small ruminant farms worldwide and causes economic losses to breeders. The disease is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which penetrates the lymph nodes of the host and induces the formation of abscesses. This bacterium is able to form a biofilm to protect itself against adverse environmental conditions, disinfectants and antibiotics. In this study, 33 field isolates of the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis obtained from nine sheep and goat farms in the Czech Republic were examined. The susceptibility of these isolates to eight antibiotics, which were chosen according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility. Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints for Corynebacterium spp. and according to the spectrum of antibiotics used in individual farms, was investigated. The analyses were also supplemented with tests of the biofilm formation ability of individual isolates and with tests of the sensitivity of these biofilms to a disinfectant based on active chlorine.

A critical area of antibiotic use in veterinary medicine is the administration of antimicrobial drugs in a form of medicated feed, when the whole groups or even complete flocks or herds of animals are treated. Worldwide pressure of human medicine representatives and organisations looking after health protection of consumers of animal origin foodstuffs is aimed at a reduction in use of antibiotics in this dosage form. Objectives of the study have been as follows: 1) to present an overview on the current situation in the area of the use of medicated feeds in food producing animals and to summarize the current legislative regulation; 2) to make reference to risk resulting from that mass administration of drugs for health of people as consumers, breeders, workers in animal feed-producing industry and simultaneously to emphasize a significance of inspection and supervisory activity over the use of medicated feeds in the Czech Republic; 3) to draw attention to legislative measures for the use of antibiotics that are the most frequently administered substances through medicated feeds both in the European Community and in the Czech Republic in conjunction with the enforcement of the rules of antibiotic policy for the use of medicated feeds; 4) based on collection of data about veterinary medicinal products consumption to demonstrate growing consumption of antimicrobial drugs in relation to the population of animals held and to express a recommendation for their rationalization and reasonable lowering of the use and consequently to reduce risks of possible drug residues resulting from the use of medicated feeds in food producing animals for man as the consumer of food of animal origin. ; CZ; cs; billova@uskvbl.cz