Suchergebnisse

A marked reduction in fertility and an increase in adverse reproductive outcomes during the last few decades have been associated with occupational and environmental chemical exposures. Exposure to different types of pesticides may increase the risks of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease, but also of reduced fertility and birth defects. Both occupational and environmental exposures to pesticides are important, as many are endocrine disruptors, which means that even very low-dose exposure levels may have measurable biological effects. The aim of this review was to summarize the knowledge collected between 2000 and 2020, to highlight new findings, and to further interpret the mechanisms that may associate pesticides with infertility, abnormal sexual maturation, and pregnancy complications associated with occupational, environmental and transplacental exposures. A summary of current pesticide production and usage legislation is also included in order to elucidate the potential impact on exposure profile differences between countries, which may inform prevention measures. Recommendations for the medical surveillance of occupationally exposed populations, which should be facilitated by the biomonitoring of reduced fertility, is also discussed.

Populations around the world are ageing faster than ever in the past. A constant and already impressive rate in the worldwide increase of life expectancy has led to the fact that the current proportion of the population above 60 years (17%) will double in the next thirty to forty years. In the next 30 years, every third person in the world will fall into the category of a senior citizen. Tis demographic transition will have an impact on almost all aspects of society and requires a complete and well-defned shif in the paradigm in the medical, social, and technological felds. Croatia's Presidency of the Council of the European Union 2020 highlighted demographic challenges and ageing as important issues. Under the Horizon 2020 Work Programme Health, demographic change and wellbeing 2018–2020 call 10 within the section "Other actions", a conference Better Future of Healthy Ageing 2020 (BFHA 2020) took place as a part of "Croatian Presidency event – Innovation for better ageing", organized by the University of Zagreb School of Medicine at the Andrija Štampar School of Public Health.