Suchergebnisse

5 páginas, 2 tablas.- Trabajo presentado al Congreso celebrado en Logroño (España) entre el 25 y el 30 de junio de 2006. ; Wine yeast require an adequate supply of assimilable nitrogen (yeast assimilable nitrogen or YAN) during alcoholic fermentation to prevent nitrogen limitation stress, which can lead to the incomplete fermentation of sugars and the production of off-flavours. In the present study, Albariño grape juice (250 mg YAN/L) was supplemented with ammonium to obtain a medium (350 mg YAN/L) and high (450 mg YAN/L) concentration of yeast assimilable nitrogen. The impact of the initial YAN concentration of the must on the formation of wine compounds was determined at four months post fermentation. The YAN content of must affected fermentation profile, wine composition and volatiles content. In this study, ethyl esters and total alcohols were the most affected compounds. These results suggest the importance of optimising must YAN content for wine composition as well as fermentation kinetics. ; Xunta de Galicia. I3P Program-CSIC from Fondo Social Europeo. This project was supported by Australia's grapegrowers and winemakers through their investment body the Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation, with matching funds from the Australian Government. ; Peer reviewed

Fusarium poses food and feed safety problems because most species produce mycotoxins. To understand the epidemiology of the Fusarium disease, efforts must focus more precisely on how environmental variables affect disease presence. The objectives of the present study were to monitor the occurrence of Fusarium species in maize kernels in northwestern Spain to determine the risk of mycotoxin contamination and to identify environmental traits affecting the composition of the Fusarium species identified. A combination of 24 environments was evaluated. The percentage of kernels infected by F. verticillioides ranged from 33 to 99%, supporting the idea that fumonisin contamination is the main maize-based feed and food safety concern in this area. In this region, temperature and humidity primarily affected Fusarium spp. occurrence. Warmer temperatures during the later stages of kernel development and during kernel drying increased the frequency of F. verticillioides in maize kernels, while the presence of F. subglutinans was increased by higher relative humidity during the silking stage and cooler temperatures during kernel drying. ; This research was supported by the National Plan for Research and Development of Spain (AGL2009-12770), the Autonomous Government of Galicia (PGIDIT06TAL40301PR) and the Deputación de Pontevedra. A. C. acknowledges funding from the JAE Program of the Spanish Council of Research. R. S. acknowledges postdoctoral contract 'Isidro Parga Pondal' supported by the Autonomous Government of Galicia and the European Social Fund. ; Peer reviewed

Free PMC Article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6205254/ ; Between 1 June 2016 and 31 May 2017, 17 European Union (EU) and European Economic Area countries reported 4,096 cases associated with a multi-country hepatitis A (HA) outbreak. Molecular analysis identified three co-circulating hepatitis A virus (HAV) strains of genotype IA: VRD_521_2016, V16-25801 and RIVM-HAV16-090. We categorised cases as confirmed, probable or possible, according to the EU outbreak case definitions. Confirmed cases were infected with one of the three outbreak strains. We investigated case characteristics and strain-specific risk factors for transmission. A total of 1,400 (34%) cases were confirmed; VRD_521_2016 and RIVM-HAV16-090 accounted for 92% of these. Among confirmed cases with available epidemiological data, 92% (361/393) were unvaccinated, 43% (83/195) travelled to Spain during the incubation period and 84% (565/676) identified as men who have sex with men (MSM). Results depict an HA outbreak of multiple HAV strains, within a cross-European population, that was particularly driven by transmission between non-immune MSM engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour. The most effective preventive measure to curb this outbreak is HAV vaccination of MSM, supplemented by primary prevention campaigns that target the MSM population and promote protective sexual behaviour. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion