Suchergebnisse

A día de hoy cualquier persona puede interpretar en las comisarías y juzgados españoles. Existen dos formas de prestación de este tipo de servicios lingüísticos en el ámbito penal: traductores e intérpretes de plantilla (acceden por oposición) y colaboradores freelance que trabajan para las empresas adjudicatarias de las licitaciones. La Ley Orgánica 5/2015, que transpone la Directiva 2010/64/UE, establece que solo podrán actuar en procedimientos judiciales y policiales los traductores e intérpretes incluidos en el Registro Oficial. Sin embargo, la ley que ha de desarrollar dicho registro está pendiente de tramitación.En cualquier caso, la nueva legislación introduce una serie de novedades que conllevará un aumento del volumen de trabajo de traducción e interpretación sin que se faciliten nuevos medios y recursos para llevarlo a cabo, así como otras consecuencias, más que previsibles, de la aplicación de la nueva legislación recién aprobada. ; he situation at present is that virtually anybody can interpret in Spanish courts and police stations. Interpreting and translation services in criminal proceedings are provided in two ways: staff translators and interpreters (who have passed an official selection process) and freelancers who work for companies that won public contracts. Spanish Organic Act 5/2015 transposing Directive 2010/64/EU states that only translators and interpreters included in the Official Register can work for the police and the courts service. However, the legislation due to implement this register has yet to be enacted. This new legislation includes a variety of new developments that will presumably lead to an increase in the workload for translators and interpreters without equipping them with the necessary means or resources, in addition to having other all-too-foreseeable consequences regarding the implementation of the recently passed legislation. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Introgression lines are valuable germplasm for scientists and breeders, since they ease genetic studies such as QTL interactions and positional cloning as well as the introduction of favorable alleles into elite varieties. We developed a novel introgression line collection in melon using two commercial European varieties with different ripening behavior, the climacteric cantalupensis 'Védrantais' as recurrent parent and the non-climacteric inodorus 'Piel de Sapo' as donor parent. The collection contains 34 introgression lines, covering 99% of the donor genome. The mean introgression size is 18.16 Mb and ~ 3 lines were obtained per chromosome, on average. The high segregation of these lines for multiple fruit quality traits allowed us to identify 27 QTLs that modified sugar content, altered fruit morphology or were involved in climacteric ripening. In addition, we confirmed the genomic location of five major genes previously described, which control mainly fruit appearance, such as mottled rind and external color. Most of the QTLs had been reported before in other populations sharing parental lines, while three QTLs (EAROQP11.3, ECDQP11.2 and FIRQP4.1) were newly detected in our work. These introgression lines would be useful to perform additional genetic studies, as fine mapping and gene pyramiding, especially for important complex traits such as fruit weight and climacteric ripening. ; This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Grants AGL2015-64625-C2-1-R and RTI2018-097665-B-C2, Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D 2016–2010 (SEV-2015-0533) and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya to J.G.-M. L.P., L.V. and M.S.D. were supported by a FPI grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and CM was supported by 2019 FI_B 00124 project from the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya and the co-funding of the European Social Fund (ESF—"ESF is investing in your future") from the European Union. ; Peer reviewed

Haplogroup R1b-M269 comprises most Western European Y chromosomes; of its main branches, R1b-DF27 is by far the least known, and it appears to be highly prevalent only in Iberia. We have genotyped 1072 R1b-DF27 chromosomes for six additional SNPs and 17 Y-STRs in population samples from Spain, Portugal and France in order to further characterize this lineage and, in particular, to ascertain the time and place where it originated, as well as its subsequent dynamics. We found that R1b-DF27 is present in frequencies ~40% in Iberian populations and up to 70% in Basques, but it drops quickly to 6-20% in France. Overall, the age of R1b-DF27 is estimated at ~4,200 years ago, at the transition between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, when the Y chromosome landscape of W Europe was thoroughly remodeled. In spite of its high frequency in Basques, Y-STR internal diversity of R1b-DF27 is lower there, and results in more recent age estimates; NE Iberia is the most likely place of origin of DF27. Subhaplogroup frequencies within R1b-DF27 are geographically structured, and show domains that are reminiscent of the pre-Roman Celtic/Iberian division, or of the medieval Christian kingdoms. ; Funding was provided by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional (FEDER) (grants CGL2013-44351-P, CGL2016-75389-P), by Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de la Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant 2014 SGR 866, and by the Basque Government (IT-424-07). FT was supported by the ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No 295733, 'LanGeLin' project

Haplogroup R1b-M269 comprises most Western European Y chromosomes; of its main branches, R1b-DF27 is by far the least known, and it appears to be highly prevalent only in Iberia. We have genotyped 1072 R1b-DF27 chromosomes for six additional SNPs and 17 Y-STRs in population samples from Spain, Portugal and France in order to further characterize this lineage and, in particular, to ascertain the time and place where it originated, as well as its subsequent dynamics. We found that R1b-DF27 is present in frequencies ~40% in Iberian populations and up to 70% in Basques, but it drops quickly to 6–20% in France. Overall, the age of R1b-DF27 is estimated at ~4,200 years ago, at the transition between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, when the Y chromosome landscape of W Europe was thoroughly remodeled. In spite of its high frequency in Basques, Y-STR internal diversity of R1b-DF27 is lower there, and results in more recent age estimates; NE Iberia is the most likely place of origin of DF27. Subhaplogroup frequencies within R1b-DF27 are geographically structured, and show domains that are reminiscent of the pre-Roman Celtic/Iberian division, or of the medieval Christian kingdoms. ; Funding was provided by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional (FEDER) (grants CGL2013-44351-P, CGL2016-75389-P), by Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de la Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant 2014 SGR 866, and by the Basque Government (IT-424-07). FT was supported by the ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No 295733, 'LanGeLin' project ; SI