Suchergebnisse

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different amounts of incubated samples on the kinetic parameters of in vitro fermentation of roughage and concentrated food used for feeding ruminants. Samples were prepared using 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg of air-dried roughage and concentrated sample, ground to 1 mm, and placed in 120 mL glass flasks. Next, inoculum and McDougal solution were added, and the readings were obtained using a semi-automated pressure transducer up to 96 h after the beginning of the incubations. Gas production of the non-fibrous fraction increased linearly (P < 0.05) for sugarcane, Marandu grass silage, corn silage, dried corn distillers' grains with solubles, dried brewer's yeast, bean residue, wet brewer's grains, sunflower meal, and Jatropha meal; quadratically (P < 0.05) for Napier grass silage and cottonseed meal; and cubically (P < 0.05) for castor meal and soybean meal. The degradation rate of the non-fibrous fraction reduced linearly (P < 0.05) for sugarcane, Napier grass silage, and castor meal; quadratically (P < 0.05) for Marandu grass silage; and cubically (P < 0.05) for corn silage, soybean meal, dried corn distillers' grains with solubles, bean residue, and cottonseed meal. Gas production of the fibrous fraction increased linearly (P < 0.05) for Napier grass silage, Marandu grass silage, corn silage, dried corn distillers' grains with solubles, bean residue, wet brewer's grain, cottonseed meal, and sunflower meal; quadratically ( < 0.05) for Jatropha meal; and cubically (P < 0.05) for sugarcane, castor meal, and soybean meal. The degradation rate of the fibrous fraction increased linearly (P < 0.05) for Napier grass silage, dried corn distillers' grains with solubles, dried brewer's yeast, wet brewer's grains; quadratically (P < 0.05) for corn silage and castor meal; and cubically (P < 0.05) for sugarcane, Marandu grass silage, and bean residue. The lag time reduced linearly (P < 0.05) for castor meal and dried corn distillers' grains with solubles; quadratically (P < 0.05) for Napier grass silage; and cubically (P < 0.05) for sugarcane, Marandu grass silage, corn silage, soybean meal, bean residue, cottonseed meal, sunflower meal, and Jatropha meal. Thus, our findings suggest that the kinetic parameters of in vitro fermentation were affected as a function of the amount of incubated sample.

Mycobacterium bovis is a bacterium belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex that causes tuberculosis in cattle and in other domestic and wild animals, as well as in humans. Disease control measures are carried out by slaughtering animals tested positive in the intradermal tuberculinization test and sanitation of their original living spaces, in addition to epidemiological surveillance carried out through the sanitary inspection of bovine carcasses in slaughterhouses. In the latter, official inspection services collect samples from macroscopic lesions suspected of bovine tuberculosis, which are then sent for laboratory analysis. Knowledge concerning the variables associated with the occurrence of M. bovis can aid in decision-making regarding control and disease eradication efforts. In this context, the aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for a positive M. bovis diagnosis in suspected bovine tuberculosis lesions obtained during epidemiological surveillance activities in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 105 suspicious lesions were analyzed using the Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nested q-PCR) method, of which 14 (13.33%) tested positive for M. bovis. Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses indicated that the variable "animal slaughter" was the only risk factor presenting statistical significance associated with the diagnosis of M. bovis (p < 0.05), demonstrating that macroscopic lesions suspected as being caused by bovine tuberculosis from animals with an in vivo diagnosis were 2.82 - fold more likely to result in a positive M. bovis diagnosis by molecular tests.

It was aimed to evaluate anti-GnRH vaccine efficiency on productive characteristics, seminal performance, size, and histology of testicles of lambs submitted to immunocastration. Twenty contemporary Texel lambs were evaluated, being 10 animals received two doses of 1 mL of anti-GnRH vaccine and 10 received two doses of 1 mL of saline, with an interval of 30 days. Seminal characteristics, weight and histological cut for the testicles, productive performance, and blood parameters were analyzed. Andrological monitoring was carried out every 30 days. All animals were kept on pasture of Urochloa spp. receiving daily supplementation protein-energetic by 90 days. There was effect of immunocastration on slaughter weight (44.3 vs. 48.3 kg), total gain (9.9 vs. 10.3 kg), daily gain (104.5 vs. 108.9 g/day), and feed conversion (5.83 vs. 5.97) respectively to immunocastrated and intact lambs. There was immunocastration effect on testicle weight (0.09 vs. 0.35 g), motility (4.5 vs. 61.0%), vigor (0.40 vs. 3.00), volume (0.09 vs. 0.74 mL) and swirling (0.20 vs. 2.70) in the third semen collection. Immunocastration through two doses of 1 mL of anti-GnRH vaccine with a 30-day interval between doses, causes infertility in sheep and can be adopted for lambs.

The present study proposes to examine the effect of dietary levels of metabolizable energy, under a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, on the production performance; body fat and protein deposition; and carcass characteristics of free-range broilers from 1 to 84 days of age. Nine hundred unsexed chicks were allocated to six treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg of diet) and a fixed proportion of nutrients relative to the energy level according to the nutritional requirements for each rearing phase. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, production viability, metabolizable energy intake, protein intake, lysine intake, body fat deposition, body protein deposition and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and, later, to regression analysis. Increasing levels of metabolizable energy, coupled with a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, reduced feed intake, increased body weight and weight gain, improved feed conversion and did not affect carcass characteristics. In conclusion, adjusting the nutrient supply according to the dietary energy level improves production performance by improving feed conversion, ensuring adequate nutrient intake and preserving fat and protein deposition in the carcass when the metabolizable energy level is raised up to 3200 Kcal/kg in all rearing stages.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo o mapeamento temático das faixas de fronteira localizadas entre o município de Corumbá (Brasil) e os países vizinhos, Bolívia e Paraguai. A partir da abordagem cartográfica de temas do meio físico, biótico, socioeconômico e ambiental vêm se revelando peculiaridades e novas interpretações a respeito deste espaço fronteiriço. No município de Corumbá a linha demarcatória internacional possui 517 quilômetros de extensão, desde a foz do rio Nabileque até o marco norte da lagoa Gaíva. Ao longo desta linha estendem-se faixas de território instituídas pela legislação destes três países, sendo de 150 quilômetros para o Brasil e 50 quilômetros nos casos da Bolívia e Paraguai. A representação cartográfica destas faixas sob o olhar de multi-temas trouxeram à luz uma série de informações que poderão ser utilizadas, por exemplo, no aprimoramento da legislação específica e do planejamento estratégico destas áreas, tão especiais do ponto de vista cultural e econômico.

This research aimed to identify the Social Representations (RS) of the dominant and dominated social agents, from the perspective of a Bourdieusian game, in the tourist area of Aquidauana, a municipality located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul [Brazil], through the Collective Subject Discourse Methodology [DSC]. The Social Representations of both social agents are presented throughout the results and discussions, in which it was detected that they are betting on the development of Aquidauana tourism, however, they indicate the need for feasibility, dissemination and public policies projects that interact with the society; it was also identified in the SR of social agents, that the paving of BR419 will not bring many contributions to tourism, but will stimulate other economic sectors, and that the Municipal Tourism Council [COMTUR] is a space of contradictions and conflicts. It is concluded that the game of interests prevails in Aquidauana and that the public institution does not meet society's desires and daydreams.

este artigo aborda a prática da música cantada nas escolas, enfatizando o uso da voz pelo professor e pelas crianças. Os assuntos aqui discutidos são parte das reflexões apresentadas nas pesquisas de mestrado e doutorado das autoras e trazem o aporte de pesquisadores da área de educação musical e vocal. No intento de investigar o estado da arte no campo das práticas vocais escolares, analisamos esse contexto com suas dificuldades e desafios inerentes. A partir desse contexto, apresentamos alguns caminhos e possibilidades para o trabalho docente, no sentido de auxiliar o professor a compreender a sua própria voz e de saber conduzir as vozes das crianças de modo saudável, apropriado e eficiente. O artigo traz ainda, alguns exemplos práticos de experiências já realizadas em aulas de música e ensaios de coro infantojuvenil, proporcionando um melhor entendimento das propostas aqui apresentadas.