The traditional protective and repressive conception of law can no longer explain the reality, which has undergone a radical transformation. This change came about through the transition from a pure liberal state to a welfare state called the welfare state. Bobbio clarifies that before the law was tied to the image of a state that set rules and an arbitrator, therefore also bound to a sanctioning and coercive action. The role of law in society has always been that of protecting certain interests by repressing deviant acts - from negative sanctions. However, with the new requirements of the welfare state, the law no longer only protects compliant acts, but also encourages innovative acts, based on promotional norms.
The hunger of reading in Brazil comes, historically, skirting several obstacles. One of the most frequent is the inexistence of continuous public politics and libraries, as public as from schools, which contribute to the cultural improvement, to the insertion of the population to the citizenship. The deployment trajectory of the library, public or from school, in our country reflects today in the performance of the public politics of reading delineated throughout the history of Brazil and, to the same, presents the portrait of the reader we have today and, mainly, suggests the base to the improvement of the formation politic of reader which the public school should adopt. This article, result of thesis defended in 2006 by Unesp/Marília is structured in three distinct stages: the first reports the invention of the writing-reading and its close relation with the humanity development. Then, it presents the coexistence of the Brazilian society with the book, the library and the reading since the arrival of the Portuguese people to the country in the first decades of the XX century and afterwards, to the current Brazilian programs of reading incentive and to the reader formation. ; O fomento à leitura no Brasil vem, historicamente, contornando inúmeros obstáculos. Um dos mais frequentes é a inexistência de políticas públicas contínuas e bibliotecas, tanto públicas quanto escolares, que contribuam para o aprimoramento cultural, para a inserção da população à cidadania. A trajetória da implantação da biblioteca, pública ou escolar, em nosso país reflete hoje no desempenho das políticas públicas de leitura delineadas ao longo da história do Brasil e, ao mesmo, apresenta o retrato do leitor que temos hoje e, principalmente, sugere a base para o aprimoramento da política de formação de leitor que a escola pública deve adotar. Este artigo, resultado de tese defendida em 2006 pela Unesp/Marília, estrutura-se em três fases distintas: a primeira relata a invenção da escrita-leitura e sua íntima relação com o desenvolvimento da humanidade. A seguir, apresenta a convivência da sociedade brasileira com o livro, a biblioteca e a leitura desde a chegada dos portugueses ao país às primeiras décadas do Século XX e, posteriormente, aos programas brasileiros atuais de incentivo à leitura e à formação de leitor.
