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Theodore Roosevelt's interest in foreign affairs was no less intense than his zeal for domestic reform, as Eugene P. Trani demonstrates in this new study of the Portsmouth Conference which in 1906 brought an end to the Russo-Japanese war.Conscious of America's growing stature as a world power and concerned lest continued hostilities disrupt further the political and economic composition of East Asia, Roosevelt proclaimed himself peacemaker. With characteristic energy -- and with considerable tact -- he initiated the conference and successfully brought about a treaty. It was no easy task. Trani

GeorgeVonLengerkeMeyer learned, not at all happily, that he was to be American Ambassador to St. Petersburg. This was a disappointment to himself and his family, for President Theodore Roosevelt had earlier suggested that Meyer be sent to Paris. And St. Petersburg seemed a long way off — in distance, time, culture, and atmosphere — from Paris. Nevertheless Meyer recognized that the appointment was a presidential compliment. For almost a year the President had been working to end the bloody war that had begun with the Japanese attack on the Russian naval base at Port Arthur on February 8, 1904, and had surprisingly resulted in one Japanese victory after another. Roosevelt had urged peace throughout the conflict. He quickly saw the necessity of a first-class ambassador in St. Petersburg to replace Robert S. McCormick, the Chicago businessman who was a political asset but a diplomatic failure.

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword by Lawrence S. Eagleburger -- Foreword to the Russian Edition by Vyacheslav Nikonov -- Preface -- Introduction. 1913: Russo-American Relations -- One. 1914-1916: Three Ambassadors for St. Petersburg -- Two. 1917: The Root Mission and Stevens Railway Commission -- Three. Wilson and Lansing Face Lenin and Trotsky -- Four. December 1917: The Struggle for a Policy -- Five. January 1918: Point VI of XIV -- Six. Northern Russia and Siberia -- Seven. 1919: Paris in the Spring -- Eight. The First Cold Warriors -- Conclusions. 1921: The First ColdWar -- An Essay on Notes and Sources -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

American‐Russian relations have been troubled from Lenin to Putin, from Wilson to Trump. Woodrow Wilson insisted that no one power should dominate Europe. This detailed analysis shows that Wilson was the first "Cold War Warrior," and his "quarantine" policy toward Russia was the precursor of the policy the United States has generally followed toward Russia since the end of World War II. Wilson tried to avoid taking sides in the Bolshevik Revolution but finally was drawn into it from relentless Allied pressure. Yet he kept intervention minimal. Afterward, he quarantined communism until FDR recognized Russia and, later, allied with Stalin against Hitler. Truman and his successors renewed "quarantine," calling it "containment." With the USSR's collapse, the shape and stability of Wilson's Europe reappeared. The West has preserved that Europe through the EU, NATO, and sanctions against Putin's restoring a Soviet sphere. America should now be clear, as Wilson once was, in supporting European security.