Suchergebnisse

Strong evidence from studies on primates and rodents shows that changes in pupil diameter may reflect neural activity in the locus coeruleus (LC). Pupillometry is the only available non-invasive technique that could be used as a reliable and easily accessible real-time biomarker of changes in the in vivo activity of the LC. However, the application of pupillometry to preclinical research in rodents is not yet fully standardized. A lack of consensus on the technical specifications of some of the components used for image recording or positioning of the animal and cameras have been recorded in recent scientific literature. In this study, a novel pupillometry system to indirectly assess, in real-time, the function of the LC in anesthetized rodents is presented. The system comprises a deep learning SOLOv2 instance-based fast segmentation framework and a platform designed to place the experimental subject, the video cameras for data acquisition, and the light source. The performance of the proposed setup was assessed and compared to other baseline methods using a validation and an external test set. In the latter, the calculated intersection over the union was 0.93 and the mean absolute percentage error was 1.89% for the selected method. The Bland–Altman analysis depicted an excellent agreement. The results confirmed a high accuracy that makes the system suitable for real-time pupil size tracking, regardless of the pupil's size, light intensity, or any features typical of the recording process in sedated mice. The framework could be used in any neurophysiological study with sedated or fixed-head animals. ; This study was supported by grants co-financed by the "Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional" (FEDER)-UE "A way to build Europe" from the "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad" (MINECO: RTI2018-099778-B-I00); the "Programa Operativo de Andalucia FEDER, Iniciativa Territorial Integrada ITI 2014-2020 Consejeria Salud, Junta de Andalucia" (PI-0080-2017); the "Plan Andaluz de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion (PAIDI 2020), Consejeria de Economia, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Junta de Andalucia (P20_00958)"; the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement N degrees 955684; the "Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de Cadiz (LI19/06IN-CO22; IN-CO09; IN-CO07)"; the "Consejeria de Economia, Innovacion, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de Andalucia" (CTS-510 and TIC-212); the "Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental-CIBERSAM" (CB/07/09/0033); and the "Universidad de Cadiz, contrato predoctoral fpuUCA 2019".

An overview of current Mexican legislation regarding soil restoration and updating needs is made through the analysis of three case studies located in the southeastern México: a) soil affected by spillage of congenital waters (Zone 1), b) soil contaminated by hydrocarbons (Zone 2) and, c) a site adjacent to urban infrastructure (Zone 3). It was performed a comparative analysis of the soils conditions in the short and long term after the anthropogenic impact and restoration process that were carried out in each studied location. It was found that important properties of the soils do not recover after the weathering process, for instance in Zone 1, DR and DA as well as %Po did not reach equivalent values to the control sample and the soil texture is different even after a long recovery period. For Zone 2, it was detected important variations in the concentration of Ca, Na and K in both the impacted and recovered soils which affect the growth of plantations. In Zone 3, there were found signif icative differences in DA, %Po; %L, %R, %MO and CEC parameters. The current normative considers general aspects, but does not contemplate the actual site situation, there is an information gap due to this, although it was observed achievement of physical and chemical properties for therecovery soil use in each site, it was also noticed that the evaluations do not consider if these properties can change over time due to weather conditions, therefore, they could influence the success of each restoration process in the long term. The information generated can be used to make decisions about government rescue programs for the primary sector or as a starting point in the implementation of Environmental Bases Lines (LBA) for the hydrocarbon sector. ; Se realizó una visión general de la legislación mexicana vigente en materia de restauración del suelo y de las necesidades de actualización a través del análisis de tres estudios de caso ubicados en el sureste de este país: a) suelo afectado por derrames de aguas congénitas (Zona 1), b) suelo contaminado por hidrocarburos (Zona 2) y c) un sitio adyacente a infraestructura urbana (Zona 3). Se realizó un análisis comparativo a corto y largo plazo de las condiciones de los suelos después del impacto antropogénico y elproceso de restauración que se llevó a cabo en cada caso de estudio. Se encontró que propiedades importantes de los suelos no se recuperaron después del proceso de intemperizado. Por ejemplo, en la Zona 1, DA, DR y %Po no alcanzaron valores equivalentes a los del suelo testigo aun después de un tiempo prolongado de recuperación. En la Zona 2, se detectaron variaciones importantes en las concentraciones de Ca, Na y K tanto en el suelo impactado como en el recuperado, lo cual afecta el crecimiento de plantaciones. En la Zona 3, se encontraron diferencias signif icativas en parámetros como: DA, %Po; %L, %R, %MO y CEC. Se encontró una brecha de información en la normativa actual que considera aspectos generales, pero no considera la situación real del sitio, aunque se observó el cambio de propiedades físicas y químicas para el uso de recuperación del suelo en cada sitio, también se observó que las evaluaciones no consideran si estas propiedades pueden cambiar con el tiempo debido a las condiciones climáticas y por lo tanto podrían influir en el éxito de cada proceso de restauración a largo plazo. La información generada puede ser utilizada para tomar decisiones sobre los programas de rescate del gobierno para el sector primario o como punto de partida en la implementación de Líneas Bases Ambientales del sector de hidrocarburos.