Suchergebnisse

This study investigated physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) in relation to hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) in pediatric overweight/obesity. Ninety-three children (10 ± 1 year) were classified as overweight, obesity type I, or type II–III. PA was assessed with non-dominant wrist accelerometers. GMV was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neither PA nor SED associated with GMV in the hippocampus in the whole sample (p > 0.05). However, we found some evidence of moderation by weight status (p < 0.150). Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) positively associated with GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type I (B = 5.62, p = 0.017), which remained when considering SED, light PA, and sleep using compositional data (γ = 375.3, p = 0.04). Compositional models also depicted a negative association of SED relative to the remaining behaviors with GMV in the right hippocampus in overweight (γ = −1838.4, p = 0.038). Reallocating 20 min/day of SED to MVPA was associated with 100 mm3 GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type I. Multivariate pattern analysis showed a negative-to-positive association pattern between PA of increasing intensity and GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type II–III. Our findings support that reducing SED and increasing MVPA are associated with greater GMV in the right hippocampus in pediatric overweight/obesity. Further studies should corroborate our findings. ; MINECO/FEDER DEP2013-47540 DEP2016-79512-R RYC-2011-09011 ; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport FPU15/02645 FPU17/04802 ; Government of Andalusian, Integrated Territorial Initiative 2014-2020 for the province of Cadiz PI-0002-2017 ; Spanish Government FJC2018-037925-I ; Alicia Koplowitz Foundation ; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness RTI2018-095284-J-100 ; University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence ; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES) ; Junta de Andalucia ; Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades ; European Union (EU) ; SAMID III network, RETICS - PN I + D+I 2017-2021 (Spain) ; ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion ; European Union (EU) RD16/0022 ; EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health in Special Populations DEP2005-00046/ACTI

Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. This work is part of a PhD thesis conducted in the Official Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine of the University of Granada, Spain. Preliminary data from this manuscript has been presented previously in The International Society of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA) Xchange 2021 Annual Meeting. The ActiveBrains project was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the "Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)" (DEP201347540, DEP2016-79512-R, DEP2017-91544-EXP and RYC-201109011). L.V.T.-L. is supported by a Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (FPU17/04802). J.H.M. is supported by a Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU15/02645). C.C.-S. is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJC2018-037925-I). IEC is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2019-027287-I). Additional support was obtained from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES), by the Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades, and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). In addition, funding was provided by the SAMID III network, RETICS, funded by the PNI + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain), ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (Ref. RD16/0022), the EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health (DEP2005-00046/ACTI; 09/UPB/19; 45/UPB/20; 27/UPB/21), the European Union's 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No.667302, and the HL-PIVOT network-Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection. Additional funding was obtained from the Andalusian Operational Programme supported with European Regional Development Funds (ERDF in English, FEDER in Spanish, project ref: B-CTS-355-UGR18). ; Approximately 4–11% of children suffer from sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and children with obesity are at increased risk. Both obesity and SDB have been separately associated with poorer brain health, yet whether SDB severity affects brain health in children with obesity remains unanswered. This study aimed to examine associations of SDB severity with academic performance and brain structure (i.e., total brain and gray and white matter volumes and gray matter volume in the hippocampus) in children with overweight/obesity. One hundred nine children aged 8–12 years with overweight/obesity were included. SDB severity and its subscales (i.e., snoring, daytime sleepiness, and inattention/hyperactivity) were evaluated via the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), and academic performance was evaluated with the Woodcock-Muñoz standardized test and school grades. Brain structure was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. SDB severity was not associated with academic performance measured by the standardized test (all |β|> 0.160, P > 0.076), yet it was associated with the school grade point average (β = -0.226, P = 0.007) and natural and social science grades (β = -0.269, P = 0.024). Intention/hyperactivity seemed to drive these associations. No associations were found between SDB severity and the remaining school grades (all β 0.065) or brain volumes (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that SDB severity was associated with lower school grades, yet it was not associated with the standardized measurement of academic performance or with brain volumes in children with overweight/obesity. SDB severity may add to academic problems in children beyond the effects contributed by overweight/obesity status alone. ; Universidad de Granada/CBUA ; Spanish Government European Commission ; Spanish Government DEP201347540 DEP2016-79512-R DEP2017-91544-EXP RYC-201109011 ; Spanish Government FPU17/04802 FPU15/02645 FJC2018-037925-I RYC2019-027287-I ; University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES) ; Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6107/UGR ; SAMID III network, RETICS - PNI + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain) ; ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion ; European Commission RD16/0022 ; EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health DEP2005-00046/ACTI 09/UPB/19 45/UPB/20 27/UPB/21 ; European Commission 667302 ; HL-PIVOT network-Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection ; Andalusian Operational Programme ; European Regional Development Funds (ERDF in English, FEDER in Spanish) B-CTS-355-UGR18

We are grateful to Ana Yara Postigo-Fuentes for her assistance with English language. ; The aim of this study was to examine the associations of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition parameters with risk of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) in children with overweight/obesity. One-hundred and nine children (10.0 ± 1.1 years old, 45 girls) with overweight (n = 27) and obesity (n = 82) were included. Television viewing time was self-reported by using the Spanish adaptation of the "Youth Activity Profile" (YAP) questionnaire. Sedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometry. CRF was assessed with the 20-m shuttle-run test and body composition parameters with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SRBD were evaluated by using the Spanish version of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Television viewing time was positively associated with risk of SRBD (r = 0.222, p = 0.021). CRF was negatively correlated with risk of SRBD (r = −0.210, p = 0.030). Body composition parameters were positively associated with risk of SRBD (all p < 0.05), except fat mass index. Stepwise regression analyses showed that body mass index (BMI) explained the largest proportion of the variance in SRBD (r 2 = 0.063, p = 0.01) and television viewing time was the only one added after BMI (r 2 change = 0.048, p = 0.022). This study supports the notion that higher body weight status negatively influences risk of SRBD and adds that unhealthy behaviours could contribute to worsen SRBD, related to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. All the significant association observed in this manuscript were of small magnitude, indicating than other factors in addition to the one hereby studied contribute to explain the variance in SRBD. ; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness ; European Union (EU) DEP2013-47540 DEP2016-79512-R DEP2017-91544-EXP RYC-2011-09011 ; Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities FPU17/04802 ; University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion y Transferencia 2018 ; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport FPU15/02645 FPU 16/02760 ; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness BES-2014-068829 ; Government of Andalusian, Integrated Territorial Initiative 2014-2020 for the province of Cadiz PI-0002-2017 ; Spanish Government FJC2018-037925-I ; University Jaume I PREDOC/2015/13 E-2017-13 ; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) 72180543 ; University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES) ; Junta de Andalucia ; European Union (EU) ; European Union (EU) SOMM17/6107/UGR ; SAMID III network, RETICS ; PNI + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain), ISCIIISub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion ; EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health in Special Populations DEP2005-00046/ACTI ; European Union (EU) 667302