Suchergebnisse

Some provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) as well as regulatory policies under the Obama administration reflected the overwhelming evidence that to reduce health care costs, and to improve quality of care and population health, the social determinants of health (SDOH) must be addressed. These policies included funding for partnerships between public health agencies, community organizations, and health care institutions, promotion of value-based payment models that incentivize integrated health and social care delivery, and support for Medicaid program innovations that directly address social needs as part of health care. The Trump administration, through a series of legislative and regulatory changes, has undermined many of these efforts, reversing the momentum toward a more preventive and integrated health care system. This article traces how the Trump administration's policy approach to investments in value-based and integrated care models, state Medicaid waivers, and funding of the safety net backtrack from Obama administration evidence-based reforms that acknowledged the large role that SDOH play in health inequity, worsening population health outcomes in the U.S., and out of control health care costs.

Introductory frameworks, definitions and theories for health justice -- Lessons from U.S. social movements for health justice -- The roles of the three branches of government in health law and policy -- Health-harming legal doctrines -- International human rights, health, and the failure of United States leadership -- Discrimination, implicit bias, and the limits of the law -- Socioeconomic status, unmet social needs and health -- Place-based inequities -- The Carceral state -- Asian, black, indigenous and Latinx people (authored by prof. Ruqaiijah Yearby) -- Immigrants -- Women -- LGBTQ+ people (co-authored by prof. Heather McCabe) -- People with disabilities (authored by prof. Elizabeth Pendo) -- Existing efforts to achieve health justice -- Law, policy and structural change : new directions for health justice -- Conclusion.

"The response of the Nicaraguan government to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been perhaps the most erratic of any country in the world to date. Directly contradicting mitigation strategies recommended by WHO, President Daniel Ortega has refused to encourage any physical distancing measures. Vice President Rosario Murillo (Daniel Ortega's wife) instead called on thousands of sympathisers to congregate in street marches under the slogan 'love in the time of COVID-19'. By downplaying the danger of the pandemic and increasing the risk of community transmission in the second-poorest country in the western hemisphere, the Nicaraguan government is violating the human rights of its citizens."