Suchergebnisse

Orientierungshilfe und Rechtssicherheit Freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen sind mit einer eklatanten Einschränkung der Lebensqualität verbunden, in erster Linie natürlich für jene Personen, denen die Freiheit entzogen wird aber auch für das Fachpersonal, das die entsprechenden Entscheidungen trifft bzw. durchführen muss. Das Buch beschreibt praxisnah, wie Fixierungen im Pflegealltag vermieden werden können und zeigt zahlreiche Impulse und Ideen zur Vermeidung von freiheits- und bewegungseinschränkenden Maßnahmen auf, wobei die Rolle der Pflegenden und der Verfahrenspfleger deutlich hervorgehoben wird. Insbesondere geht der Autor auf die Phänomene Sturzgefahr und Hinlauftendenz ein. Zudem wird die aktuelle Rechtsgrundlage, bisherige Praxis und Expertenstandards und die Wichtigkeit der Dokumentation vorgestellt. Das Buch richtet sich an Pflegefachkräfte, Altenbetreuer, Verfahrenspfleger und andere Pflegedienstleistungen. Inhalt: - Herausforderung Freiheitsentzug - Fixierungsbedarf aus Sicht der Pflege - Sturzgefahr - Unumgängliche Fixierungsmaßnahmen - Rechtliche Aspekte Autor: Michael Thomsen, Verfahrenspfleger und Pflegeexperte zu Themen rund um die geriatrische Rehabilitation und Organisation von stationärer Altenhilfe

Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) such as CBD oil, are marketed in Europe as food and dietary supplements. They are also frequently advertised as potential treatments for serious illnesses. Applications for Novel Food Status are currently being processed in Europe. On closer scrutiny however, the basis for classifying CBD as a foodstuff is at best, questionable. The use of CBD in the management of severe disease is based on demonstrated pharmacological and clinical effects, which is clearly the domain of drug use. CBD lacks food-typical properties. Although CBD has a high level of toxicological safety even in high doses, this does not imply that it qualifies to be categorised as (novel) food simply because it has been proven to be safe. Herein, we examine the presentation of CBD-containing preparations with the background of European legislation.

AbstractGovernment crop data have been shown to contribute to the efficient operation of agricultural commodity markets. In 2013, the USDA curtailed its crop report publication for the first time in decades due to an appropriations lapse, thereby offering the chance to study the impact on markets of missing government data. As expected, derivatives markets for corn and soybeans did not display characteristic short‐run patterns in terms of uncertainty resolution and price changes that are normally observed around scheduled USDA release times. We are unable to detect evidence of a prolonged period of heightened uncertainty, realized volatility around the missing report, or abnormal pricing errors in the absence of government data. However, an unsurprisingly large 2013 corn and soybean crop could confound that attempt.

Using a panel dataset at the grade level from Arkansas public schools, this study finds that changes in the obesity prevalence at the oldest grade are associated with changes in obesity prevalence at younger grades. Furthermore, analysis across different school types shows that the peer effects are statistically significant but the magnitude of the effect is greater in kindergarten to fourth‐grade schools than in kindergarten to sixth‐grade schools. We also use tests on spatial and temporal dimensions, as well as by weight status grouping, to provide evidence that these peer effects are more than just a statistical correlation.

AbstractWe utilize a panel data set from 2007 to 2009 on the state of Arkansas to identify and determine the effect of food deserts on school district obesity rates. We define food deserts as low‐income areas with limited food access. Using both classical panel data models and spatial error models, we find no statistically significant relationship between school district obesity rates and the existence of food deserts in Arkansas. This finding is consistent across different model specifications, in spatial, panel or cross‐sectional analysis, and with or without urban school districts in the data.

AbstractThis study investigates whether obese peers are a contributing factor in childhood body‐weight outcomes. Using an instrumental variables method on exogenously assigned peers (i.e., new peers), we find that the weight of peers within the same grade and school significantly impacts body mass index (BMI) z‐score of an individual student. The size of the peer effect, however, is negligible. We find no evidence of interaction between newly assigned peer groups prior to assignment. Furthermore, the obese peers variable is significant only for those peers with whom a student interacts.

Abstract
We use a statewide panel dataset and an instrumental variable strategy to identify the effect of neighborhood fast food on the BMI z-scores of Arkansas public schoolchildren. As in earlier studies, we use distance from the child's residence to the nearest major highway as an instrument for the density of fast-food restaurants. The sample is limited to children who moved at least once during the study period to ensure temporal variation in our instrument. Neighborhood fast food does have significant and positive effects on their BMI z-scores. The effect is disproportionately large for children who are rural, non-minority and female.