Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Since members of rescue forces such as firefighters have to deal with sometimes extreme and dangerous situations, high-quality basic trainings are indispensable for their professional success. There is therefore an obvious need for standardized tools assessing the training quality. This paper aims to develop and validate such an evaluation instrument. In Study 1, a qualitative analysis (N = 21) was used to identify core characteristics of good firefighter basic trainings and served as theoretical basis for the generation of corresponding items. In Study 2 (N = 257), the item set was piloted and reduced, its structure was assessed in exploratory factor analyses, and first validations were conducted. Study 3 (N = 451) tested the proposed factor structure via confirmatory analyses and validated the questionnaire comprehensively. Factor analyses showed a six-factor structure. The scales of the newly created Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education – Basic education (FIRE-B) are to be judged as reliable. Moreover, there are several clear indications of validity. Thus, the present research contributes to the understanding of critical factors and processes of basic trainings. Furthermore, the FIRE-B has a high practical relevance, both in the assessment of training quality and in the identification of opportunities for improvement.

Purpose
The training of highly skilled officers in rescue forces is essential for success and performance of fire brigades in their daily work. The purpose of this paper is to develop a validated instrument assessing the quality of leadership trainings in firefighter education.


Design/methodology/approach
In Study 1, relevant factors of teaching quality in this specific context are established using semi-structured interviews (n=5 trainer, n=59 trainees), and a pool of corresponding survey items is tested in a pilot sample (n=7 trainer, n=26 trainees). In Study 2 (n=263 trainees), we select best-fitting items and explore the structure of latent variables via exploratory factor analyses. Study 3 (n=45 trainer, n=380 trainees) tests this structure by means of confirmatory analyses and validates the questionnaire using scales from other evaluation instruments for higher education.


Findings
Analyses resulted in a six-dimensional questionnaire reflecting relevant training processes and outcomes. Results suggest that the newly created Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education (FIRE) meets all relevant psychometric quality criteria.


Originality/value
By examining critical factors of training quality, the authors enhance the understanding of critical processes in programs for rescue forces education. The developed questionnaire provides trainers and educational institutions with a validated tool to measure these relevant processes and the desired training outcomes. Therefore, the FIRE scales can contribute to an ongoing improvement of rescue forces trainings.

"In diesem Kapitel geben wir anhand praktischer Beispiele Hinweise zur Gestaltung von
Fragebogenitems und Interviewfragen. Neben grundsätzlichen Regeln stehen dabei besonders
die Informationserhebung und die Verständlichkeit von Fragen im Fokus. Die dargestellten Grundsätze werden durch ein Praxisbeispiel zur Erfassung der Kundenzufriedenheit verdeutlicht." (Autorenreferat)

This study is the first to investigate how a local government's humorously framed response strategy on social media to a low-severity crisis influences people's trust in the local government and their crisis-related behavioral intentions, specifically when considering the government's responsibility for the crisis. Based on the situational crisis communication theory, we examined the mediating role of experienced positive or negative affect on people's responses to a local government's crisis communication strategy. Further, we exploratorily examined the predictive power and moderating role of demographics, sense of humor, disposition to trust, and the respective crisis scenarios. A total of 517 people participated in an online experiment in which they were confronted with three randomly presented fictive crisis scenarios where the local government's crisis responsibility (high versus low) and the framing of their crisis response strategy (in form of humorous versus rational Twitter posts) were systematically varied between subjects. First, the results mostly corroborate earlier findings about the degree of crisis responsibility (that is, when a government's crisis responsibility is high, people have less trust and behavioral intentions) and about the mediating role of experienced affect. Second, we found that humorously framed strategies negatively influence trust and positive affect (but not behavioral intentions). In contrast to earlier findings, the crisis responsibility × framing interaction was not significant. Altogether, the results advise against using humor in crisis communications on social media, even in low-severity crisis. Exploratory analyses indicate that further investigations should focus on specific crisis characteristics and potential moderators.

Purpose
How diversity in management boards affects employer attractiveness has yet to be fully clarified. This paper aims to contrast the two main theoretical rationales – similarity attraction and diversity attraction – and examines whether potential employees are more attracted to an organization with a homogenous board (in terms of gender and ethnicity) or to an organization with a diverse board.


Design/methodology/approach
Participants (N = 629) were simultaneously presented with two pictures of management boards, whereby the gender and ethnic composition of the boards were manipulated. Moreover, to examine whether social desirability influences the ratings of an organization's attractiveness, survey anonymity was varied using an indirect questioning technique.


Findings
The findings supported the diversity attraction rationale: organizations with gender-balanced, multicultural boards were seen as more attractive than organizations with monolithic boards. However, this effect seemed to be influenced – at least partially – by social desirability.


Research limitations/implications
Additional research is needed to examine the extents to which people care about the degree of similarity between themselves and a management board.


Practical implications
The findings illustrate board composition as an employer branding strategy. Specifically, the results indicate that an organization can benefit from a diverse management board when this information is communicated to applicants.


Social implications
People's attitudes toward organizations with diverse boards seem – in part – to be rooted in their motivation to comply with social norms.


Originality/value
Theoretical accounts (similarity attraction theory vs diversity attraction) lead to somewhat contradicting predictions, and the available empirical evidence was rather indirect and correlational. This study provides a controlled empirical investigation contrasting the two contradicting predictions.

Frontmatter --Grußwort --Inhalt --Einleitung /Marsden, Nicola / Kempf, Ute --I. Geschlecht im Gestaltungsprozess --Vergeschlechtlichte Anwender_innen-Erlebnisse und User Experience als soziomaterielles Konzept /Allhutter, Doris --Diffractive Design /Bath, Corinna --Usability und Intersektionalitätsforschung -- Produktive Dialoge /Lucht, Petra --Doing Gender im IT-Design -- Zur Problematik der (Re-)Konstruktion von Differenz /Sell, Saskia --II. Erweiterung bestehender Vorgehensweisen --Gender-/Diversity-Aspekte in der Informatikforschung: Das GERD-Modell /Maaß, Susanne / Draude, Claude / Wajda, Kamila --Geschlechter- und intersektionalitätskritische Perspektiven auf Konzepte der Softwaregestaltung /Paulitz, Tanja / Prietl, Bianca --Personas und stereotype Geschlechterrollen /Marsden, Nicola / Link, Jasmin / Büllesfeld, Elisabeth --III. Geschlecht als Einschreibung in Software --Multidimensional Gendering Processes at the Human-Computer-Interface: The Case of Siri /Both, Göde --Was ist Gewalt und wie heißt er? Semantische Gewalterkennung aus Sicht der Gender Studies /Irrgang, Melanie --IV. Diversity als Voraussetzung --Gendability -- Gender und Diversity bewirken innovative Produkte /Erharter, Dorothea / Xharo, Elka --Viele Facetten. Geschlechter- und diversityfreundliche Mediengestaltung in technischen Bereichen /Knoll, Bente --Integration von Gender und Diversity-Aspekten in die Informatik-Lehre -- Ausgewählte Beispiele der FH Erfurt und der TU Ilmenau /Probstmeyer, Kristin / Schade, Gabriele --V. Nutzungsgruppen und Geschlecht --Eine andere User Experience: Menschen mit depressiven Erkrankungen /Thielsch, Meinald T. / Kemper, Veronika / Stegemöller, Ina --Assessing the influence of gender towards the adoption of technology-enabled self-service systems in retail environments /Zagel, Christian / Süßmuth, Jochen / Glomann, Leonhard --VI. Personen und Anlässe --Die Fachtagung Gender-UseIT: Wissenschaft und Praxis im Dialog /Kempf, Ute / Marsden, Nicola --Die Autorinnen und Autoren