Suchergebnisse

Purpose: Cooperatives nowadays have become an alternative to the large-scale corporate entity as well as to independent unaffiliated small private business model. This article presents a depth modelling narrative on cooperative organizational forms' development in business-school model. This speaks to issues of both developments of cooperatives in educational institutions and how it will have linked to schools' entity as part of human resource development and organizational reforms. Methodology: The case is made based on the findings of Brog and Gall which construct in two stages of activity. The first stage is a model development which is based on observation of the initial model based on related theories. The second stage is enhancing social and economic model of cooperatives at the school to validate the remaining rules and regulations. Regarding cooperatives' development, the theory says institutional framework and design analysis does matter as the critical points for development and sustainability of cooperative at the school now and the future. Results: Therefore, finding the best formula for cooperative in the educational organization deserve a huge attention for academician, practitioners as well as government. In addition, the implementation and practice of cooperative at the school will fit business-school model and create greater impact for school's members. Overall, finding a new approach will generate the development of cooperatives to the next level.

According to the results of research Research Agency of the Ministry of Religious Affairs to assume that conflicts between religious communities that occurred in Indonesia, only about 20% which is really motivated and driven by the internal state of religion, the rest is caused by social factors political, economic, and culture. Indonesianists like Esposito danWoodward (Effendy, 2007: 47-50), asserts that "the conflict is not purely a religious faith (theology) but rather a matter of political, economic, and cultural". The impact of the conflicts experienced a deep trauma caused to the pengalami (survivor / survivors). Survivors who had been in refugee camps are not necessarily solve the problems experienced, it is very likely the survivors begin to feel a new problem which if not addressed quickly and correctly will be a prolonged traumatic. there is a term known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder), the resulting stress disorder related to a traumatic event extraordinary. For example, seeing people killed, brutally tortured, victims of accidents, natural disasters, and others. One form of psychotherapy that can be used on clients who experience trauma that is Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT).

The learning process in madrasas (Islamic-based elementary schools) is seen as being able to contribute to instilling values and norms in students following Islamic teachings. The issue of organizational culture and teacher performance also becomes a determining factor in creating a quality learning process. In this research, the aim is to determine: 1) the effect of organizational culture on the quality of the learn-ing process; 2) the effect of teacher performance on the quality of the learning process; and 3) the influ-ence of organizational culture on teacher performance. Respondents in this study were all class teachers from three madrasas as a sample representing all public madrasas in the city of Bandar Lampung, Indo-nesia. The results obtained indicate that the variables of organizational culture and the quality of the learning process have an influence, with R squared of 0.67 or 67%, which is classified as moderate. This shows that madrassas have implemented predetermined work culture values, namely: a) integrity, the harmony between correct thoughts, words, and deeds; b) professionalism, working in a disciplined, competent, and timely manner with the best results; c) innovation, perfecting existing and creating new and improved techniques and ideas; d) responsibility, working thoroughly and with thought for the con-sequences; and e) being exemplary, setting a good example for others.

Background: The prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Indonesia reached 24.2% in 2013. The present study aimed to identify the determinants of CED in pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2016 - July 2017 in Jeneponto Regency. The standard used in Indonesia categorizes CED when MUAC <23.5 cm while the normal value is considered as ³23.5 cm. A total 616 respondents were selected using proportional stratified non-random sampling. The independent variables were socio-economic, food intake, and environmental factors. Anthropometric data including Middle-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) was measured using MUAC tape. In addition, SECA digital weight scale was used to measure weight and Microtoice for height. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and the results were double input to ensure validity of data. Data analyses used were chi-square and logistic regression run in PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of CED is quite high (n=131) (21.3%). The variables that contributed to the CED occurrence were age (OR=2.662, 95%CI=1.785-3.968, P<0.001) and education level (OR=0.505, 95%CI=0.340-0.751, P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed only educational level and latrines availability became the determinant factors of CED in pregnant women (P<0.05). After controlling low carbohydrates and protein intake, there was no statistically significant variable as determinant factor of CED among pregnant women. Conclusion: The present study concludes that age and education level are potential to be determinant factors for CED. Attempts should be made to prevent the impact of CED on pregnant women. The government needs to provide the proper program to overcome impact and prevalent of CED.