Suchergebnisse

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Ile-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP through Grant AF-13, Morocco; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2015/18/E/ST2/00758); National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISOLIA/2018/119) and GenT (ref. CIDEGENT/2018/034) programs, La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 713673), Spain. ; The KM3NeT infrastructure consists of two deep-sea neutrino telescopes being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea. The telescopes will detect extraterrestrial and atmospheric neutrinos by means of the incident photons induced by the passage of relativistic charged particles through the seawater as a consequence of a neutrino interaction. The telescopes are configured in a three-dimensional grid of digital optical modules, each hosting 31 photomultipliers. The photomultiplier signals produced by the incident Cherenkov photons are converted into digital information consisting of the integrated pulse duration and the time at which it surpasses a chosen threshold. The digitization is done by means of time to digital converters (TDCs) embedded in the field programmable gate array of the central logic board. Subsequently, a state machine formats the acquired data for its transmission to shore. We present the architecture and performance of the front-end firmware consisting of the TDCs and the state machine. ; French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020 ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund), France ; Commission Europeenne (Marie Curie Program), France ; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France ; LabEx UnivEarthS, France ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-18-IDEX-0001 ; Paris Ile-de-France Region, France ; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), Georgia FR-18-1268 ; German Research Foundation (DFG) ; Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; PRIN 2017 program Italy NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP, Morocco AF-13 ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Netherlands Government ; National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758 ; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (MCIU/FEDER), Spain PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-B-C43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44 ; Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Spain ; Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6104/UGR ; Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia program, Spain GRISOLIA/2018/119 ; Generalitat Valenciana: GenT program, Spain CIDEGENT/2018/034 ; La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019 ; EU: MSC program, Spain 713673

Program summary Program Title: gSeaGen CPC Library link to program files: http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/ymgxvy2br4.1 Licensing provisions: GPLv3 Programming language: C++ External routines/libraries: GENIE [1] and its external dependencies. Linkable to MUSIC [2] and PROPOSAL [3]. Nature of problem: Development of a code to generate detectable events in neutrino telescopes, using modern and maintained neutrino interaction simulation libraries which include the state-of-the-art physics models. The default application is the simulation of neutrino interactions within KM3NeT [4]. Solution method: Neutrino interactions are simulated using GENIE, a modern framework for Monte Carlo event generators. The GENIE framework, used by nearly all modern neutrino experiments, is considered as a reference code within the neutrino community. Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: The code was tested with GENIE version 2.12.10 and it is linkable with release series 3. Presently valid up to 5 TeV. This limitation is not intrinsic to the code but due to the present GENIE valid energy range. References: [1] C. Andreopoulos at al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A614 (2010) 87. [2] P. Antonioli et al., Astropart. Phys. 7 (1997) 357. [3] J. H. Koehne et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 184 (2013) 2070. [4] S. Adrián-Martínez et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 43 (2016) 084001. ; The gSeaGen code is a GENIE-based application developed to efficiently generate high statistics samples of events, induced by neutrino interactions, detectable in a neutrino telescope. The gSeaGen code is able to generate events induced by all neutrino flavours, considering topological differences between tracktype and shower-like events. Neutrino interactions are simulated taking into account the density and the composition of the media surrounding the detector. The main features of gSeaGen are presented together with some examples of its application within the KM3NeT project. ; French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020 ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; European Union (EU) ; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France ; IdEx program, France ; UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-11-IDEX-000502 ; Paris Ile-de-France Region, France ; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), Georgia FR-18-1268 ; German Research Foundation (DFG) ; Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) ; PRIN 2017 program Italy NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Netherlands Government ; National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758 ; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento, Spain (MCIU/FEDER) PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-BC43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44 ; Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia, Spain SOMM17/6104/UGR ; Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia, Spain GRISOLIA/2018/119 ; GenT, Spain CIDEGENT/2018/034 ; La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019 ; EU: MSC program, Spain 713673

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Ile-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2015/18/E/ST2/00758); National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISOLIA/2018/119) and GenT (ref. CIDEGENT/2018/034) programs, La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 713673), Spain. ; The KM3NeT research infrastructure is currently under construction at two locations in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ORCA water-Cherenkov neutrino detector off the French coast will instrument several megatons of seawater with photosensors. Its main objective is the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. This work aims at demonstrating the general applicability of deep convolutional neural networks to neutrino telescopes, using simulated datasets for the KM3NeT/ORCA detector as an example. To this end, the networks are employed to achieve reconstruction and classification tasks that constitute an alternative to the analysis pipeline presented for KM3NeT/ORCA in the KM3NeT Letter of Intent. They are used to infer event reconstruction estimates for the energy, the direction, and the interaction point of incident neutrinos. The spatial distribution of Cherenkov light generated by charged particles induced in neutrino interactions is classified as shower- or track-like, and the main background processes associated with the detection of atmospheric neutrinos are recognized. Performance comparisons to machine-learning classification and maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithms previously developed for KM3NeT/ORCA are provided. It is shown that this application of deep convolutional neural networks to simulated datasets for a large-volume neutrino telescope yields competitive reconstruction results and performance improvements with respect to classical approaches. ; French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020 ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund) ; European Union (EU) ; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) ; LabEx UnivEarthS ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-18-IDEX-0001 ; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia FR-18-1268 ; German Research Foundation (DFG) ; Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN) ; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) ; National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758 ; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades PGC2018-096663-B-C41 A-C42 B-C43 B-C44 ; Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence ; Junta de Andalucia SOMM17/6104/UGR ; Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia GRISOLIA/2018/119 CIDEGENT/2018/034 ; La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019 ; EU: MSC program 713673

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Ile-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP through Grant AF-13, Morocco; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2015/18/E/ST2/00758); National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISOLIA/2018/119) and GenT (ref. CIDEGENT/2018/034 and CIDEGENT/2019/043) programs, La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 713673), Spain. ; The next generation of water Cherenkov neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea are under construction offshore France (KM3NeT/ORCA) and Sicily (KM3NeT/ARCA). The KM3NeT/ORCA detector features an energy detection threshold which allows to collect atmospheric neutrinos to study flavour oscillation. This paper reports the KM3NeT/ORCA sensitivity to this phenomenon. The event reconstruction, selection and classification are described. The sensitivity to determine the neutrino mass ordering was evaluated and found to be 4.4 sigma if the true ordering is normal and 2.3 sigma if inverted, after 3 years of data taking. The precision to measure Delta m(32)(2) and theta(23) were also estimated and found to be 85.10(-6) eV(2) and ((+1.9)(-3.1))degrees for normal neutrino mass ordering and, 75.10(-6) eV(2) and ((+2.0)(-7.0))degrees for inverted ordering. Finally, a unitarity test of the leptonic mixing matrix by measuring the rate of tau neutrinos is described. Three years of data taking were found to be sufficient to exclude (nu)over-left-right-arrow tau event rate variations larger than 20% at 3 sigma level. ; French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund), France Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France LabEx UnivEarthS, France ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-18-IDEX-0001 Paris Ile-de-France Region, France ; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), Georgia FR-18-1268 ; German Research Foundation (DFG) ; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) ; PRIN 2017 program, Italy NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP, Morocco AF-13 ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Netherlands Government ; The National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758 ; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento, Spain PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-B-C43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44 Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia program, Spain GRISOLIA/2018/119 La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019 ; EU: MSC program, Spain 713673 ; Commission Europeenne (Marie Curie Program), France ; Generalitat Valenciana: GenT programs, Spain CIDEGENT/2018/034 CIDEGENT/2019/043 ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): MultiDark Consolider (MCIU) ; Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6104/UGR

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Ile-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP through Grant AF-13, Morocco; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; The National Science Centre, Poland (2015/18/E/ST2/00758); National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (ref. SOMM17/6104/UGR), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISO-LIA/2018/119) and GenT (ref. CIDEGENT/2018/034 and CIDE-GENT/2019/043) programs, La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 713673), Spain. This work has also received funding from the European Union'sHorizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant agreement no 739560. ; The KM3NeT research infrastructure is under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of two water Cherenkov neutrino detectors, ARCA and ORCA, aimed at neutrino astrophysics and oscillation research, respectively. Instrumenting a large volume of sea water with similar to 6200 optical modules comprising a total of similar to 200,000 photomultiplier tubes, KM3NeT will achieve sensitivity to similar to 10 MeV neutrinos from Galactic and near-Galactic core-collapse supernovae through the observation of coincident hits in photomultipliers above the background. In this paper, the sensitivity of KM3NeT to a supernova explosion is estimated from detailed analyses of background data from the first KM3NeT detection units and simulations of the neutrino signal. The KM3NeT observational horizon (for a 5 sigma discovery) covers essentially the Milky-Way and for the most optimistic model, extends to the Small Magellanic Cloud (similar to 60 kpc). Detailed studies of the time profile of the neutrino signal allow assessment of the KM3NeT capability to determine the arrival time of the neutrino burst with a few milliseconds precision for sources up to 5-8 kpc away, and detecting the peculiar signature of the standing accretion shock instability if the core-collapse supernova explosion happens closer than 3-5 kpc, depending on the progenitor mass. KM3NeT's capability to measure the neutrino flux spectral parameters is also presented. ; French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-15-CE31-0020 ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; Commission Europeenne, France ; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France ; LabEx UnivEarthS, France ANR-10-LABX-0023 ANR-18-IDEX-0001 ; Paris Ile-de-France Region, France ; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), Georgia FR-18-1268 ; German Research Foundation (DFG) ; Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT ; Greek Ministry of Development-GSRT ; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) ; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) ; PRIN 2017 program, Italy NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S ; Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Professional Training, ICTP, Morocco AF-13 ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) ; Netherlands Government ; National Science Centre, Poland 2015/18/E/ST2/00758 ; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania ; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento, Spain PGC2018-096663-B-C41 PGC2018-096663-A-C42 PGC2018-096663-B-C43 PGC2018-096663-B-C44 ; Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Spain ; Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6104/UGR ; Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia, Spain GRISO-LIA/2018/119 GenT program, Spain CIDEGENT/2018/034 CIDE-GENT/2019/043 ; La Caixa Foundation LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019 EU: MSC program, Spain 713673 ; European Commission 739560