Suchergebnisse

Emigration from Senegal increased rapidly between 1980 and 1990, and its economic and social implications grew in significance. These migratory flows diversified in terms of their departure points and destinations, making complex the challenge of preserving relationships with families at home. As Senegalese emigrated to countries with fewer links to Senegal, the need to find ways of maintaining long-distance relationships became more urgent.
How do the émigrés appropriate New Information and Communications Technologies (NICT)? How do the new technologies provide for financial transfers without the physical movement of funds? What role do the émigrés play in the penetration of new technologies in certain disadvantaged sectors? What are the economic and social implications of this advance of NICTs? Tall shows that the types of use made of the new technologies follow from a complex process of appropriation that can make a highly personal tool such as the cellular telephone into a collective instrument to bring a village out of its isolation and connect it with the world.
Tall concludes that the emergence of the new technologies and their appropriation by émigrés creates new social configurations both in the new home and in the community of origin, and contributes to the emergence of new spatial understandings.

Emigration from Senegal increased rapidly between 1980 & 1990, & its economic & social implications grew in significance. These migratory flows diversified in terms of their departure points & destinations, making complex the challenge of preserving relationships with families at home. As Senegalese emigrated to countries with fewer links to Senegal, the need to find ways of maintaining long-distance relationships became more urgent. How do the emigres appropriate New Information & Communications Technologies (NICT)? How do the new technologies provide for financial transfers without the physical movement of funds? What role do the emigres play in the penetration of new technologies in certain disadvantaged sectors? What are the economic & social implications of this advance of NICTs? Tall shows that the types of use made of the new technologies follow from a complex process of appropriation that can make a highly personal tool such as the cellular telephone into a collective instrument to bring a village out of its isolation & connect it with the world. Tall concludes that the emergence of the new technologies & their appropriation by emigres creates new social configurations both in the new home & in the community of origin, & contributes to the emergence of new spatial understandings. 18 References. Adapted from the source document.

Euro-Mediterranean Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM) ; Le Sénégal est à la fois un pays d'émigration et un pays d'immigration. Pays d'accueil, historiquement, le Sénégal est devenu un pays de départ vers l'Afrique et la France au début des années 1970, en raison des conséquences du changement climatique et de la crise pétrolière. Par la suite, le mouvement d'émigration s'est intensifié malgré la fermeture des frontières en Europe et les difficultés économiques et les crises politiques en Afrique. Ces départs vers l'étranger sont le prolongement de mouvements migratoires spontanés à l'intérieur du pays vers les grandes villes, c'està-dire l'exode rural. Les nouveaux habitants des villes sont insérés dans le secteur informel qui est connecté aux réseaux transnationaux de départ et de transferts financiers. En effet, les grands marchés de Dakar et Touba sont des zones carrefours, à la fois pour les candidats au départ et pour les remises des émigrés. Les migrations internationales sont donc au coeur du changement territorial et des mutations sociales au Sénégal Abstract Senegal is a country of both in-migration and out-migration. Historically a destination country, Senegal became a country of departure toward Africa and France in the beginning of the 70s because of the impact of climate change and the oil crisis. Later on, out-migration developed in spite of the closure of the European borders, and the economic and political crisis in Africa. Out-migration prolongs spontaneous internal movement of population within the country toward the main cities, or rather, the rural exodus. The new inhabitants of the cities are incorporated into the informal sector, which is connected to transnational networks of migration and financial transfers. The great markets of Dakar and Touba are main crossroads for migration candidates and the destination of migrants' remittances. International migration is, therefore, at the heart of territorial and social changes in Senegal.

Euro-Mediterranean Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM) ; Au cours des dernières années, la composition des flux migratoires depuis et vers le Sénégal a connu de profondes évolutions, notamment en raison de la présence croissante de migrants hautement qualifiés. La crise économique, sociale, politique, etc. et la faillite des services sociaux consécutive aux programmes d'ajustement structurel ont considérablement alimenté ce phénomène. L'émigration des Sénégalais hautement qualifiés s'explique en partie par la recherche de meilleures conditions de travail et de salaires plus élevés. Parallèlement, la profonde instabilité politique de la région a précipité l'arrivée massive au Sénégal de migrants hautement qualifiés originaires d'autres pays africains. Ainsi, au Sénégal comme dans les autres pays de départ, la migration hautement qualifiée s'est accentuée - en dépit des efforts mobilisés par les politiques - et concerne désormais tous les secteurs professionnels (santé, enseignement, etc.). In the last years, migratory flows to and from Senegal have taken on new forms . In particular, the migration of highly-skilled individuals has become significant, in the wake of profound political and economic crises and particularly following on from the collapse of the country's social services provoked by extensive structural adjustment programs. The departure of highly-skilled Senegalese nationals is largely due to economic push and pull factors. But chronic political instability in the region has also brought into Senegal substantial numbers of highly-skilled workers from other African countries. Consequently, highly-skilled migration is on the rise in Senegal as well as in other sending countries and, despite various policy initiatives, it is to be found along the whole spectrum of professional activities (health, teaching, etc.).