Suchergebnisse

ObjectiveTo understand the experiences of both children and parents in families where one of the parent is transgender.BackgroundA focus on the family environment can be found in research concerning transgender youth, but this focus is lacking in research on transgender adults. To our knowledge, research so far has not shed light on the experiences of minor children who have witnessed the transition of their parent.MethodUsing the family resilience framework, which is a useful theoretical framework for analyzing family transitions, we conducted in‐depth qualitative interviews with 13 children and 15 parents (8 cisgender and 7 transgender) from 9 families.ResultsVarious protective family processes were distinguished in the achievement of adaptive functioning outcomes: family continuity, family communication, significant others' acceptance, and attributing meaning. Hence, the findings from this research clearly show that the gender transition of a parent in itself should not be problematized.ConclusionThrough good practices and protective processes within the family, the transition of a parent's gender can be accepted by children.ImplicationsThese findings have implications for families with a transgender parent as well as for anyone working with children and their transgender parents.

The major social science theories on adolescent risk-taking—strain, social control, and differential association theories—have received substantial empirical support. The relationships between variables central to these theories and individual differences in temperament related to risk-taking, however, have not been adequately studied. In a sample of adolescents, this study examines how behavioral inhibition and activation relate to variables central to social control, strain, and differential association theories and how interactions between behavioral inhibition and activation and these theories predict aggressive and nonaggressive forms of risk-taking. The results of this study suggest that (a) BIS (behavioral inhibition system) and BAS (behavioral approach system) are related to strain, social control, and differential associations; (b) the effects of these social science and personality variables are, at least partially, additive; and (c) significant interactions exist between BIS/BAS and social control and differential association. Combining social science and personality concepts therefore could advance the understanding of differences in risk-taking.

SummaryAlthough the role of testosterone in the aetiology of social dominance is often suggested, surprisingly few studies have addressed the relationship between sex steroid hormones and dominance as a personality trait. In this paper, the relationship between testosterone and dominance is studied in a sample of adolescent boys and girls, taking into account the moderating role of gender ideology and same-sex peer group orientation. A direct association between free testosterone (FT) and dominance was found in girls but not in boys. In boys, masculine ideology moderated the relationship between FT and dominance, while in girls the relationship between FT and dominance was moderated by same-sex peer group affiliation.