Suchergebnisse

Meet the world's most dangerous man. Or is he? Who is the real VladimirPutin? What does he want? And what will he do next? Despite the millions ofwords written on Putin's Russia, the West still fails to truly understand oneof the world's most powerful politicians, whose influence spans the globeand whose networks of power reach into the very heart of our daily lives. Inthis essential primer, Professor Mark Galeotti uncovers the man behind themyth, addressing the key misperceptions of Putin and explaining how wecan decipher his motivations and next moves. From Putin's early life in theKGB and his real relationship with the USA to his vision for the future ofRussia – and the world – Galeotti draws on new Russian sources andexplosive unpublished accounts to give unparalleled insight into the man atthe heart of global politics.

Nina Jankowicz: HOW TO LOSE THE INFORMATION WAR: RUSSIA, FAKE NEWS, AND THE FUTURE OF CONFLICT. London: I.B. Tauris. 2020. 288 pages

Taylor, Brian D.: The Code of Putinism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2018. 250 pages

There has been much heated discussion on the possible influence of disinformation campaigns on the 2019 European elections—including those campaigns launched by outside actors (namely the Russian Federation). This is not surprising considering previous election experiences not only in Western states, but globally. As far as we know, the 2019 European elections were fortunately not targeted by a large and coordinated disinformation campaign. Given the significant attention paid to the 2019 European elections by the public, researchers and policymakers, they present an interesting case study that might help us to learn not only how to tackle the issue of disinformation, but also how to understand and analyse it in the future.

Résumé Syrovátka A. et Rychtá? i ková J. — Naissances vivantes et décès de moins d'un an selon le poids à la naissance en République socialiste tchèque entre 1950 et 1980. Le poids des enfants à leur naissance est reporté sur l'acte de naissance en Tchécoslovaquie, ce qui permet de suivre l'évolution des enfants selon leur poids à la naissance. Les différences de mortalité sont notamment très importantes pour les poids inférieurs à 2 500 grammes, et dans une moindre mesure pour ceux qui dépassent 4 500 grammes comme le montrent les séries de quotients calculés selon le poids à la naissance des enfants. Les différences de mortalité sont d'autant plus sensibles que les enfants sont plus jeunes; des différences régionales de poids à la naissance peuvent désormais être la cause des différences régionales de mortalité infantile. Cette mortalité des enfants hypotrophiques ne doit pas être considérée comme endogène car le développement des soins spéciaux lors de l'accouchement et après la naissance est en train de la diminuer sensiblement depuis 1976.

Abstract
Euromaidan events represented a major political issue for discussion among Russian political analysts. While from a distance the perception in Russian society might seem monolithic, a closer look suggests that Euromaidan events spurred multiple reactions within the population. To demonstrate this, the article describes the different perceptions of Euromaidan in 108 texts published by Russian academics between 2013 and 2018. While analyzing the argumentation of these texts, it is possible to identify two main differences—terminology in the use of either coup or revolution to describe the happenings, and the importance of the local context for the course of events. Significant differences among texts allow us to conclude that there have been various interpretations of Euromaidan among Russian academics. This conclusion not only sheds new light on the state of public debate in the Russian Federation but can be also seen as a contribution to the debate about how so-called modern authoritarian regimes operate.

The Commitment to Development Index has been developed to assess seven policy areas of rich countries that affect the development of poor countries and to rank the rich countries from this perspective. This article aims to analyze the environmental component of this index. The environmental dimension is a legitimate part of the concept behind the index because preserving global environmental resources is essential for the future development prospects of poorer countries. The operationalization of the dimension, however, gives rise to several issues, such as the combination of policy and practice indicators, data availability and credibility, and other specific aspects that affect the information value of individual indicators and the component as a whole. Acknowledging the difficulty of constructing such a component, we suggest several options for its modification.

Disinformation represents a danger to the integrity and legitimacy of the electoral process. From our research based on the 2021 Czech parliamentary elections, we introduce a model for measuring the resilience of citizens to disinformation. This model is then used to draw conclusions about the impact of disinformation on their voting behaviour. We argue that it is important to understand this impact in the context of pre-existing beliefs and opinions, and therefore in terms of disinformation reinforcing rather than changing existing views. In particular, we demonstrate how feeling disappointed with one political party can make people more inclined to endorse disinformation that targets it.

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