Suchergebnisse

Negara Republik Indonesia sejak didirikan pada tanggal 17 Agustus Tahun 1945 hingga saat ini telah beberapa kali mengalami perubahan maupun pergantian Undang-Undang Dasar. Dan pasca reformasi tahun 1998 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 sudah empat kali mengalami perubahan. Terjadinya perubahan dan/atau amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 berimplikasi terhadap terjadinya perubahan disegala bidang kehidupan ketatanegaraan, utamanya perubahan politik hukum. Sehingga lembaga Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR/S) juga telah mengalami perubahan baik kedudukan, tugas, fungsi dan wewenang serta produk hukum yang dikeluarkannya. Produk hukum yang dikeluarkan oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR/S) pasca amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bukan lagi bersifat Regeling tetapi hanya bertsifat Beschkking. Dan mengenai kedudukan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR/S) pasca amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dalam struktur organisasi ketatanegaraan hanyalah merupakan lembaga tinggi negara yang mempunyai kedudukan yang sama dengan lembaga-lembaga tinggi negara lainnya

Building the legal product of a regional regulation on mineral and coal mining is the authority of regional governments. In implementing their authority, they are required to apply Pancasila and embrace the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Pancasila consisting of five precepts is a legal ideal that should be incarnated in the legal product of a regional regulation on mineral and coal mining. The incarnation of the legal ideal of Pancasila through the legal product of a regional regulation on mineral and coal mining will have the implication on mineral and coal mining management based on the legal ideal of Pancasila. Therefore, building the regional regulation on mineral and coal mining must be based on the normative-juridical aspect as the basis for the making of laws and the theoretical aspect based on the legal ideal of Pancasila. Keywords: The Legal Ideal of Pancasila, Mining, Regional Regulation Membangun produk hukum perturan daerah pertambangan mineral dan batubara merupakan kewenangan penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah, dalam menjalankan kewenangannya berkewajiban mengamalkan Pancasila dan memegang teguh UUD NRI Tahun1945. Pancasila yang terdiri dari kelima sila adalah merupakan cita hukum seharusnya dijabarkan dalam produk hukum perturan daerah pertambangan mineral dan batubara. Penjabaran cita hukum Pancasila melalui produk hukum pertambangan mineral dan batubara akan berimplikasi terhadap pengelolaan pertambangan mineral dan batubara berbasis cita hukum Pancasila, karena itu membangun peraturan daerah pertambangan mineral dan batubara harus didasarkan pada aspek yuridis normatif sebagai landasan pembuatan peraturan perundang-undangan, serta aspek teoritik berbasis cita hukum Pancasila. Kata Kunci : Cita Hukum Pancasila, Pertambangan, Peraturan Daerah

Protection of children's rights before the law has been regulated in Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the child protection system and is specifically followed up in the Local Regulation of Bone Regency No. 1 of 2014. Children's inability in legal matters makes the State provide protection to children in conflict with the law. Legal protection for children is the obligation of the State as a mandate of the 1945 Constitution. The problem that arises is that cases of children dealing with the law continue to increase, so it is important to see the form of the role of the government in giving rights to children in conflict with the law. This research is a normative empirical study with a normative juridical legal research approach. Analyzing legal theories and statutory regulations, comparison of laws (comparison approach). The findings of this study indicate that children who are in conflict with the law, the government has provided diversion protection, namely protection at the level of the judicial process, investigation and prosecution. The position of diversion is given by the government to children as victims, perpetrators and witnesses in criminal acts. Local governments in providing productive protection for children in trouble by providing educational and economic assistance. The implication of this finding shows that children are the generation of the nation who deserve protection from the State, even though these children are in conflict with the law.

In welcoming 2019 concurrent general elections, the General Election Commission issued PKPU No. 20 of 2018, one of which banned former convicts of corruption from becoming legislative candidates on the grounds that corruption is an extraordinary offense that is commonly practiced by legislators both individually and in congregation. The regulation is stated in Article 4 paragraph (3) PKPU No. 20 of 2018 concerning Nominations for Members of DPR, Provincial DPRD and Regency / City DPRD. However, the regulation was canceled with the issuance of Supreme Court decision No. 46 P / HUM / 2018. Based on this, the limitation of the problem of this research is how to measure the aspects of the legal objectives behind the decision No. 46 P / HUM / 2018 which are more pro-corrupt so that they can understand the judge's decidendi ratio in canceling the prohibition of ex-convicts from becoming legislators. This type of research is normative legal research with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The theoretical basis in the presentation of research results is the theory of legal goals by Gustav Radbruch namely justice, certainty and usefulness which is compared with Islamic law. The results of this study indicate that the Supreme Court's consideration overturned PKPU No. 20 of 2018 because it is considered contrary to Article 240 of Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections and Article 12 of Law No. 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Laws and Regulations. The Supreme Court's considerations in the a quo ruling contain the three legal objectives. However, it is more inclined to legal certainty, so it does not reflect the value of justice that lives in the community. The cause of not achieving the values of justice that live in the community in the a quo decision is because the basis for testing the regulation is Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections does not prohibit such matters, even though the nomination rules on the executive body namely the President and Vice President require that they do not have a bad track record. Likewise when viewed from Islamic law which requires legislative candidates called ahlul ahli wal aqdi must have a fair way which means having integrity and a good image in the society.