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Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Leadership: What It Is and What It Isn't -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definitional Dilemma -- 3. Ethics of Leadership -- 4. The Importance of Listening and Communication in Leadership -- 5. Leadership Emerges Independent of the Setting or Titles -- 6. Leadership Versus Management: An Important Differentiation -- 7. Leader-Follower Relationship -- 8. Misconceptions about Leadership -- 9. The "Hidden" Aspects of Leadership -- 10. Organizational Citizenship and Positive Behaviors -- 11. Critical Thinking and Decision Making -- 12. Leader Characteristics and Styles -- 13. Leadership in Healthcare -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 -- The Alphabet Soup of Medical Leadership: Combined Degrees and Added Qualifications -- Glossary/Index of Terms -- Abstract -- 1. Vasc-Bypass Group: A Simulated Vignette -- 2. Introduction -- 3. The Ever-Changing Healthcare Landscape -- 4. Emerging Role of Physician Leaders -- 5. Strategies for Developing Physician Leaders -- 6. Which Advanced Degree Is Right for You? -- 6.1. Master of Business Administration (Degree Program) -- 6.2. Master of Public Health (Degree Program) -- 6.3. Master of Healthcare Administration or Health Services Administration (Degree Programs) -- 7. Additional Qualification Development Programs -- 7.1. Fellowship of American College of Healthcare Executives (FACHE) -- 7.2. Leadership Development Programs -- 7.3. Mid-Career Development Courses -- AAS/SUS Mid-Career Development Course -- Fulbright Center Mid-Career Development Course -- Lean Six Sigma Certification -- 8. Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 -- The Ethics, Power, and Influence of Leadership -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Vignette #1 -- 3. Avoiding the Abuse of Power -- 4. Being a Role Model -- 5. Checks and Balances

There is substantial evidence indicating that children who witness domestic violence (DV) have psychosocial maladaptation that is associated with demonstrable changes in the anatomic and physiological make up of their central nervous system. Individuals with these changes do not function well in society and present communities with serious medical, sociological, and economic dilemmas. In this focused perspective, we discuss the psychosocially induced biological alterations (midbrain, cerebral cortex, limbic system, corpus callosum, cerebellum, and the hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal axis) that are related to maladaptation (especially post-traumatic stress disorder) in the context of child-witnessed DV, and provide evidence for these physical alterations to the brain. Herein, we hope to stimulate the necessary political discourse to encourage legal systems around the world to make the act of DV in the presence of a child, including a first time act, a stand-alone felony.

The Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in 1947, has emerged as a global public health threat over the last decade, with the accelerated geographic spread of the virus noted during the last 5 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that millions of cases of ZIKV are likely to occur in the Americas during the next 12 months. These projections, in conjunction with suspected Zika-associated increase in newborn microcephaly cases, prompted WHO to declare public health emergency of international concern. ZIKV-associated illness is characterized by an incubation period of 3-12 days. Most patients remain asymptomatic (i.e., ~80%) after contracting the virus. When symptomatic, clinical presentation is usually mild and consists of a self-limiting febrile illness that lasts approximately 2-7 days. Among common clinical manifestations are fever, arthralgia, conjunctivitis, myalgia, headache, and maculopapular rash. Hospitalization and complication rates are low, with fatalities being extremely rare. Newborn microcephaly, the most devastating and insidious complication associated with the ZIKV, has been described in the offspring of women who became infected while pregnant. Much remains to be elucidated about the timing of ZIKV infection in the context of the temporal progression of pregnancy, the corresponding in utero fetal development stage(s), and the risk of microcephaly. Without further knowledge of the pathophysiology involved, the true risk of ZIKV to the unborn remains difficult to quantify and remediate. Accurate, portable, and inexpensive point-of-care testing is required to better identify cases and manage the current and future outbreaks of ZIKV, including optimization of preventive approaches and the identification of more effective risk reduction strategies. In addition, much more work needs to be done to produce an effective vaccine. Given the rapid geographic spread of ZIKV in recent years, a coordinated local, regional, and global effort is needed to generate sufficient resources and political ...

The government of India has done remarkable work on commissioning a government funded prehospital emergency ambulance service in India. This has both public health implications and an economic impact on the nation. With the establishment of these services, there is an acute need for standardization of education and quality assurance regarding prehospital care provided. The International Joint Working Group has been actively involved in designing guidelines and establishing a comprehensive framework for ensuring high-quality education and clinical standards of care for prehospital services in India. This paper provides an independent expert opinion and a proposed framework for general operations and administration of a standardized, national prehospital emergency medical systems program. Program implementation, operational details, and regulations will require close collaboration between key stakeholders, including local, regional, and national governmental agencies of India.

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, important discoveries and considerations emerge regarding the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pathogen; its biological and epidemiological characteristics; and the corresponding psychological, societal, and public health (PH) impacts. During the past year, the global community underwent a massive transformation, including the implementation of numerous nonpharmacological interventions; critical diversions or modifications across various spheres of our economic and public domains; and a transition from consumption-driven to conservation-based behaviors. Providing essential necessities such as food, water, health care, financial, and other services has become a formidable challenge, with significant threats to the existing supply chains and the shortage or reduction of workforce across many sectors of the global economy. Food and pharmaceutical supply chains constitute uniquely vulnerable and critically important areas that require high levels of safety and compliance. Many regional health-care systems faced at least one wave of overwhelming COVID-19 case surges, and still face the possibility of a new wave of infections on the horizon, potentially in combination with other endemic diseases such as influenza, dengue, tuberculosis, and malaria. In this context, the need for an effective and scientifically informed leadership to sustain and improve global capacity to ensure international health security is starkly apparent. Public health "blind spotting," promulgation of pseudoscience, and academic dishonesty emerged as significant threats to population health and stability during the pandemic. The goal of this consensus statement is to provide a focused summary of such "blind spots" identified during an expert group intense analysis of "missed opportunities" during the initial wave of the pandemic.