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This study complements and replicates an earlier one by comparing Korean community mediation in the city with that in the village. Reports from 34 city and 19 village mediators indicate that village mediators do handle more disputes. However, the techniques employed—both the types and frequency of use—differ slightly between the city and village.

Compares the approach to conflict resolution in Seoul with that used in two villages, Hwoyngsung-kun and Pyongstak-kun; based on interviews with 53 mediators.

In this paper we examine the role of the Korean government in creating university – industry linkages and in promoting the role of universities as knowledge providers in regional innovation systems. We investigate the different types of universities' roles in the capital region of Seoul and in the noncapital regions. We argue that government policy is the main determinant that drives Korean universities to play the role of knowledge provider for industrial innovation. This policy has also brought about regional differences in the way universities participate in innovation activities in the capital region and outside the capital region. In the Korean context, universities in noncapital regions act as a backbone for creating and managing regional innovation networks as well as a close and easily accessible knowledge provider to local industry. However, universities in the capital region play the role of a close knowledge provider only to local industry, while corporate research and development centres are the key players in developing and managing innovation networks in the capital region. To arrive at our conclusions we use social networks analysis and government document analysis to demonstrate the structure of innovation networks and to analyze two types of universities' roles in the regional innovation networks of four Korean industrial clusters.

The first of two exploratory studies investigated the conflict management approaches of 310 South Korean leaders. Each recalled the most recent dispute they had encountered either between two subordinates or between a subordinate and a person outside the workgroup (i.e., an outsider). Subsequently, they reported the techniques used to manage the dispute. As predicted, the leaders were more assertive in managing subordinate‐subordinate conflicts. Unexpectedly, they also pressed their own subordinates quite forcefully in the subordinate‐outsider disputes. The second study investigated subordinates' interventions in their leaders' disputes. In these conflicts, subordinates adopted a low‐key shuttle diplomacy; meeting separately with the parties, listening to their opinions, transmitting these to the other side, and calling for each side's empathy and understanding.

This study investigated the mediations of 125 community mediators in the People's Republic of China. The mediators' reports on two mediations each—one in a community (inter‐family) and one in a family (intra‐family) dispute—indicated the frequency with which they used 33 mediation techniques. In family (versus community) mediations, Chinese mediators were found to rely more heavily upon the techniques of separating the parties, getting assistance from third parties, calling for empathy, stating the other side's point of view, and utilizing logic. As for the strategies (combinations of techniques) employed, we found three distinct ones—separate, analyze together, criticize—in the family mediations. Two sets—reason together and criticize—were detected in the community mediations.

The efforts of 125 community mediators in the People's Republic of China were investigated via interviews on 2 mediations each -- 1 in a community, & 1 in a family dispute -- indicating the frequency with which they used 33 mediation techniques. In family cases, mediators relied more heavily on the techniques of separating the parties, getting assistance from third parties, calling for empathy, stating the other side's point of view, & utilizing logic. In family cases, 3 distinct strategies were found -- separate, analyze together, & criticize; in community mediations, only 2 were found -- reason together & criticize. 5 Tables, 30 References. Adapted from the source document.

This study investigates the mediations of 95 community and 95 industrial mediators in South Korea. The mediators' reports of their last mediation indicated the frequency with which they used 36 mediation techniques. In addition, their information revealed the strategies—data gathering, reconciliation, dependency, analysis—they employed in their mediations. We expected to find the data gathering and reconciliation strategies. Although unexpected, the dependency strategy is very consistent with the Confucian emphasis on interpersonal harmony. And we attribute the analysis strategy to the Korean mediators' low formal power or to their exposure to an industrialized environment.