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THE ARTICLE PRESENTS A DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE NATION'S CONSENSUS ON THE WELFARE STATE IN BRITAIN, NOTING THAT NEVER SINCE WORLD WAR II HAS THE IDEA OF CUTTING DEEP INTO EXISTING PROGRAMS BEEN ON THE POLITICAL AGENDA. IN A DISCUSSION OF PROPOSED CUTS, THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT ONE IMPORTANT EFFECT WILL BE POLITICAL POLARIZATION.

Killing the innocent : three discursive traditions from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries -- The origins of the double effect : the scholastic tradition -- Martialists : soldiers and tacticians -- Humanists and republicans -- The nineteenth century -- Killing noncombatants in the nineteenth century -- Deliberately targeting noncombatants -- The twentieth century : aerial bombing and a shift in norms -- New possibilities : aeronauts, inventors, and future-war fiction on aerial bombing -- Interwar approaches to bombing : two discursive traditions -- The return to intention : post World War I -- Postscript : intention in the twenty-first century.

Introduction -- Population discourses in the seventeenth century -- Locke and the proliferation of 'hands' -- The right of withdrawal and the colonial context -- Locke on naturalization -- Territorial rights, exclusion, and the great art of government.

Intro -- Title Page -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Conception and Birth -- Chapter 2: Infancy -- Chapter 3: The Toddler Years -- Chapter 4: Childhood -- Chapter 5: Elementary School -- Chapter 6: Preteens -- Chapter 7: Tweens -- Chapter 8: Puberty -- Chapter 9: Early Teens -- Chapter 10: Growing Pains -- Chapter 11: High School -- Chapter 12: Graduation -- Chapter 13: College -- Chapter 14: On Your Own -- Chapter 15: Final Exams -- Chapter 16: Adulthood -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- Bliss Island Retreat -- Copyright.

Thoroughly revised and updated, the new edition provides a broad-ranging introduction to theories of political development and the contemporary comparative politics of the Third World. The new edition reflects key political and economic changes, and contains nine country-specific case studies which illustrate various types of political change.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Preface -- 1 Governance Agendas -- Political conditionalities -- Meanings of 'good governance' -- The enforcement of political conditionalities -- Support for governance reforms -- The aims of good governance -- Interdependencies -- Conclusion -- 2 Political Accountability -- Good governance and democratic accountability -- The costs of bad governance -- Components of political accountability -- Enforcement -- Answerability -- Constraints on legislative oversight -- The context of reform -- Conclusion -- 3 Human Rights -- Rights and claims -- Rights and development -- International support for human rights -- The scope of human rights -- Universalism vs. relativism -- Enforcing human rights -- Conclusion -- 4 The Rule of Law -- International support for the rule of law -- Defining the rule of law -- The rule of law and political development -- The rule of law and economic development -- The rule of law and poverty alleviation -- Aid and judicial independence -- Protecting judicial independence -- The politics of law reform -- Conclusion -- 5 The Decentralization of Political Power -- Decentralization and good governance -- Decentralization and development -- Aid projects -- Responsiveness -- State legitimacy -- Poverty reduction -- Promoting the participation of the poor -- Strengthening responsiveness to the poor -- The state and poverty -- Prerequisites of successful decentralization -- Conclusion -- 6 Political Pluralism -- Pluralism and civil society -- Aid to pluralism -- Pluralism and development -- Pluralist democracy -- Political parties -- Party systems and pluralism -- Sustainable political parties -- Organized interests -- Freedom of association and the poor -- Conclusion -- 7 Participation -- Donors' views on participation -- Participation and development.

AbstractThis article argues that Hobbes was actively engaged in the debates about population size as a component of his broader approach to political economy. By the seventeenth century, beliefs about economic well-being routinely turned back onto the question of population size. This article situates Hobbes's arguments about populations in and among the common arguments for the movement of people in the seventeenth century. Hobbes rejected the natural law tradition of hospitality, which required that states take care of foreigners, and populationist arguments, which assumed that economic progress was predicated on rapid population growth. Specifically, this article will show that Hobbes held a view common to the late Tudor period; namely, a wise sovereign should be actively engaged in regulating population inflows and outflows. Not only did this require careful management of domestic procreative policies, but it also had implications for colonization and war-making.

Throughout the 1690s there were several high-profile parliamentary debates about lowering interest rates from 6 to 4 percent. Locke's involvement in these policy debates is significant. In this period, he circulated at least one important pamphlet on this issue to various Members of Parliament. The purpose of this article is to illuminate the links between Locke's arguments against interest rate reduction and immigration policy. Locke's essay "For a General Naturalization" (1693) employs some of the same pro-naturalization formulations that Josiah Child uses in A New Discourse of Trade (1693), a pamphlet that was ostensibly published in support of the parliamentary proposal for lower interest rates. Even though Locke had a long history with pro-naturalization arguments, the framework of his essay on naturalization is very likely an extension of those debates with Child about interest rates from 1691/2.