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In: TANAP monographs on the history of Asian-European interaction v. 13
In: Brill ebook titles
Preliminary Material /A. Singh -- Introduction /A. Singh -- Chapter One. Getting To Know Places And Peoples: Cochin Circa 1750 /A. Singh -- Chapter Two. The Metamorphosis Of The Malabar Command (1750–1784) /A. Singh -- Chapter Three. The Social World Of Fort Cochin /A. Singh -- Chapter Four. Days Of Reckoning (1784–1795) /A. Singh -- Chapter Five. Life After The VOC /A. Singh -- Chapter Six. Adapting To British Cochin (1798–1830) /A. Singh -- Conclusion /A. Singh -- Notes /A. Singh -- Appendix 1. Memorandum Of Gardens And Lands Belonging To The VOC On The Coast Of Malabar, Dated 1781 /A. Singh -- Appendix 2. List Of People Living In Fort Cochin Towards The End Of 1792 /A. Singh -- Appendix 3. List Of People In The Orphanage On The Heerenstraat In 1792, Whose Estates Were Being Managed By The Orphan Board /A. Singh -- Appendix 4. Number Of Households Per Street (1792) /A. Singh -- Appendix 5. List Of Residents Of Cochin On 5 April 1814 /A. Singh -- Appendix 6. A Few Grave-Stones Of Dutch Persons Connected With Fort Cochin That Could Be Traced In Malabar Up To Mid-Nineteenth Century /A. Singh -- Appendix 7. VOC And EIC Commanders, Governors, And Governors-General /A. Singh -- Appendix 8. Family-Tree Of Families Of Cochin /A. Singh -- Bibliography /A. Singh -- Index /A. Singh.
In: Genealogy: open access journal, Band 8, Heft 4, S. 130
ISSN: 2313-5778
The growing divide between the capitalist mode of development promoted by the state and the participative development model suggested by the people has brought ecology, environment, and existence to the core of all contemporary debates. The Adivasi (indigenes) who constitute 8.6 percent of the entire population of India are engaged in a constant battle to save their ecology and landscape. Represented as communities whose existence is intertwined with 'Jal, Jungle, Jameen' (water, forest, and land), Adivasis are the most prominent communities facing dispossession and displacement from their roots to further the ideology of development in which they have no stake. The notion of Adivasis as 'savage', 'primitive', and 'backward' communities that are incompetent of 'developing' themselves, resulting in their 'backwardness' gets carried over from the colonial to the contemporary period. Exposed to the processes of mining and industrialisation, Adivasis and their ecological resources have been exploited since the colonial period to suit the development model of the state. The Adivasi notion of selfhood was overlooked in the process of making the areas inhabited by them zones of 'exclusive governmentality'. The paper argues and analyses this transformation process of Adivasis into ecological warriors; a process in which they used their shared, remembered and lived past to assert their customary rights. Basing the study on three environmental movements of state of Jharkhand in Central India, namely the Koel-Karo movement of the 1980s, the Netarhat movement of the 1990s, and the Pathalgadi movement of 2017–18, the study underlines that the Adivasi of Jharkhand anchored on their customary rights as a weapon, to protect their ecology and landscape against various state-sponsored development schemes. Drawing on the methodology of field investigation, interaction with the NGOs, government reports and media reports, the article argues that these community struggles are rays of hope for a global ecological future.
In: International journal of human rights, Band 25, Heft 7, S. 1094-1110
ISSN: 1744-053X
In: Journal of global slavery, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 128-131
ISSN: 2405-836X
In: The Indian economic and social history review: IESHR, Band 49, Heft 4, S. 604-606
ISSN: 0973-0893
In: The Indian economic and social history review: IESHR, Band 47, Heft 2, S. 266-268
ISSN: 0973-0893
In: Transformations of Knowledge in Dutch Expansion
The pandemic of COVID19 laid various adverse effects and made a mark on domestic workers' lives. The ground report shows evidence of a drastic downfall in their income due to raised unemployment, increase in health expenditure, shortage of health care facilities, etc. The second wave of COVID19 has created havoc in their life as their work leaves no savings for them. This article based on a field study argues the health complexities that have arisen in domestic workers' lives during pandemics. It has subjected struggles of domestic workers for health and medication facilities during and after pandemics. It also suggests the corrective measures that government can take to bring out these workers from these drudgeries and the impact of circular economic concepts to sustain their lives comfortably. (*The paper was presented at the AICTE International Conference on Circular Economy, Management and Industry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Management Studies and Research, Navi Mumbai and Apeejay School of Management, Dwarka, Delhi, India. October 2021)
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SSRN
On 8 November 2016, the Government of India announced the demonetization of all 500 and 1,000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series. The government claimed that the action would curtail the shadow economy and crack down on the use of illicit and counterfeit cash to fund illegal activity and terrorism. The term Demonetization refers to withdrawal of a particular form of currency from circulation. It is essential whenever there is a change of national currency. The old unit of currency must be removed and substituted with a new currency unit. Demonetization took place for the first time in the year 1946 and second time in 1978. The currency is demonetized for the third th time on 8 Nov. 2016 by our honourable Prime Minister Shri Narender Modi. This is the bold step taken by the govt. for the furtherance of the economy and to put a full stop on black money, laundering and illegal transaction amongst the different nations of the world. The paper discusses the impact of recent demonetization on the Indian system and also the reasons.
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In: Fungal Biology Series
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Editors -- Part I: Antifungal Metabolites (AFM) for Sustainable Agriculture -- Chapter 1: Potential of Streptomyces and Its Secondary Metabolites for Biocontrol of Fungal Plant Pathogens -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Streptomyces Production of Metabolites for Biological Control -- 1.3 Main Phytopathogenic Fungi -- 1.3.1 Phytopathogenic Microorganism's Control -- 1.3.2 PGPA as Biocontrol Agents (BCAs) -- 1.3.3 Crop Diseases -- 1.4 Production of Enzymes -- 1.5 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) -- 1.6 Phytohormone Production -- 1.7 Enhancement of Plant Growth -- 1.7.1 Siderophore Production -- 1.7.2 Phosphate Solubilization -- 1.8 Commercialization, Environmental Effects, and Biosafety of Streptomyces Products -- 1.8.1 Formulation and Inoculation Methods -- 1.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Antifungal Secondary Metabolites Against Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Plant Infection Mechanism by Magnaporthe oryzae -- 2.3 Biological Control -- 2.4 Effects of Bioactive Natural Products Against Blast Fungus -- 2.5 Mechanisms of Important Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Against Cereal Blast Fungus -- 2.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 3: Utilization of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Against Phytopathogens -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Phytopathogens -- 3.3 Antibiotic Used on Plants to Control Phytopathogens -- 3.4 PGPB for Control of Phytopathogens -- 3.4.1 Mechanistic Insights -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: PGPR in Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Production -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Plant-Microbiome Interaction by the Biofilm Formed by PGPR -- 4.3 PGPR and Its Role in Agriculture -- 4.4 Antibiotic Production by PGPR -- 4.4.1 Biosynthesis of Polyketide Group of Antibiotics by PGPR.
In: Journal of the Nepal Health Research Council, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 136-139
ISSN: 1999-6217
Background: Human pathogens are rapidly acquiring resistance to antibiotics leading to treatment failure. We carried out this study to isolate and screen actinomycetes strains that have potential to kill bacterial and fungal pathogens.Methods: In this descriptive study 288 soil and water samples were processed by standard microbiological techniques at Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University from 2013 to 2015. Screened actinomycetes were cultivated for bioactive metabolite production and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of metabolites were determined against bacterial pathogens including multidrug resistant bacteria and fungi.Results: One hundred twenty isolates having antimicrobial property were screened. Out of them, four most potent strains, Nocardiopsis prasina, Streptomyces violarus, Streptomyces krainskii and Streptomyces tsusimaensis were identified all having both antibacterial and anti-fungal property.Highest zone of inhibition (ZOI)was given by N. prasina against Candida albicans(41.33 ±1.15mm) and among bacteria, maximum ZOI was against Acinetobacter baumannii(31.33±3.05mm). MIC value of metabolite of N.prasina was 0.125mg/ml for E.coli and C. albicans. It was 2.5 mg/ml each for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), A. baumannii and Salmonella Typhi and 0.625 mg/ml for Bacillus Subtilis.Conclusions: Bioactive metabolite producing actinomycetes were recovered from soil and tested against human pathogenic bacteria and fungiand found to have antibacterial and antifungal property.
In: Journal of the Nepal Health Research Council, Band 20, Heft 4, S. 899-905
ISSN: 1999-6217
Background: Antibiotic resistance is a great concern for public health and Acinetobacter baumannii-associated infections are increasing in many parts of the world, including Nepal. However, limited data is available on the prevalence of A. baumannii harboring blaOXA-23 from Nepal.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was designed to detect the blaOXA-23 gene from carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates in Nepal. A total of 380 clinical specimens were collected and processed following standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed as per the protocol of the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique and the CLSI guidelines, while screening of carbapenemase production was assessed by the Modified Hodge Test using meropenem (10µg) disc. The presence of the blaOXA-23 gene in carbapenemase-positive A. baumannii was confirmed by PCR.Results: Among 380 specimens analyzed, 210 (55.3%) samples were positive for bacterial growth, where 33(15.7% of total growth) of the isolates were A. baumannii, and most of them were isolated from the ICU patients (20/33, 60.6%) and sputum (16/33, 48.5%). Thirty-two isolates (97%) were colistin sensitive, while only four (12.1%) isolates were sensitive to meropenem and imipenem. Twenty-three (69.7%) of A. baumannii were carbapenemase positive as revealed by the Modified Hodge Test test, and 19 of them (57.6% of total A. baumannii) harbored the blaOXA-23 gene.Conclusions: A high prevalence of the blaOXA-23 gene among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates were found. Systematic network surveillance should be established to check the spread of such isolates, especially in the intensive care units of tertiary care hospitals in Nepal.Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; antibiotic-resistant; blaOXA-23; carbapenemase; Nepal