Suchergebnisse

The determination of geographical origin is a demand of the traceability system of import-export foodstuff. One hypothesis of tracing the source of a product is by analyzing in a global way the microbial communities of the food and links statistically this analysis to the geographical origin of the food (El Sheikha et al., 2009a). Physalis is included in the priority list of many governments¿ horticulture and fruit export plan. It is exported from several countries including Colombia, Egypt, Zimbabwe and South Africa, but Colombia stands out as one of the largest producers, consumers and exporters. Colombia exports of Physalis in 2004 were worth 14 millions USD (El Sheikha et al., 2008). In Egypt, economical importance of Physalis is rising, due to, achieving a great success in local, Arabic and European markets (El Sheikha, 2004). Physalis as the whole plant has many medicinal properties, including antipyretic, depurative, diuretic, pectoral, and vermifuge. A decoction is used in the treatment of abscesses, cough, fevers or sore throat (Duke and Ayensu 1985). The pulp is nutritious, containing particularly

Introduction: The determination of geographical origin is a demand of the traceability system of import-export foodstuff. One hypothesis of tracing the source of a product is by analyzing in a global way the microbial communities of the food and links statistically this analysis to the geographical origin of the food (El sheikha et al., 2009a). Physalis is included in the priority list of many governments¿ horticulture and fruit export plan. It is exported from several countries including Colombia, Egypt, Zimbabwe and South Africa, but Colombia stands out as one of the largest producers, consumers and exporters. Colombia exports of Physalis in 2004 were worth 14 millions USD (El Sheikha et al., 2008). In Egypt, economical importance of Physalis is rising, due to, achieving a great success in local, Arabic and European markets (El Sheikha, 2004). Physalis as the whole plant has many medicinal properties, including antipyretic, depurative, diuretic, pectoral, and vermifuge. A decoction is used in the treatment of abscesses, cough, fevers or sore throat (Duke and Ayensu 1985). The pulp is nutritious, containing particularly high levels of carotenoids, minerals, essential amino acids and vitamin C (El Sheikha et al., 2009b). Regarding Shea tree fruits, only seven countries have statistics. Nigeria accounts for more than 60% of the production of shea butter in 2005. It is followed by Mali, Ghana and Burkina Faso, which together account for just under a third of world production in 2005. In Europe, Shea butter is used mainly (95%) by the chocolate industry (FAOSTAT, 2007). The quantities exported to Japan, the United States or Switzerland would be mainly used for cosmetic or pharmacological (UNCTAD, 2001). Purpose: We applied a molecular technique employing 28S rDNA profiles generated by PCR-DGGE as a new traceability technique to detect the variation in fungal community structures of Physalis fruits from four countries (Colombia, Uganda, Egypt, Madagascar) and Shea tree from four countries (Cameroon, Mali, Senegal, Ghana). Results: The DGGE gels showed some significant differences in the migration patterns. However, the duplicates for each sampling location gave statistically similar DGGE patterns throughout the study. We demonstrated that there was a link between the fungi populations and the geographical area. When the 28S rDNA profiles were analyzed by multivariate analysis, distinct microbial communities were detected. The band profiles from different countries were different and were specific for each country and could be used as a bar code to discriminate the origin of the fruits. Significance of study: This method is a new traceability tool which provides fruit with a unique bar code and makes it possible to trace back the fruits to their original country.

The determination of geographical origin is a demand of the traceability system of import-export foodstuff. One hypothesis of tracing the source of a product is by analyzing in a global way the microbial communities of the food and links statistically this analysis to the geographical origin of the food (Montet et al., 2004). The molecular technique employing 26S rDNA profiles generated by PCR-DGGE was used to detect the variation in the yeast community structures of fruits (El Sheikha et al., 2009). We applied this new technique on Physalis fruits from three countries (Egypt, Colombia, Uganda) and on shea tree from four countries (Cameroon, Mali, Senegal, Uganda). The DGGE gels showed some significant differences in the migration patterns. However, the duplicates for each sampling location gave statistically similar DGGE patterns throughout the study. We demonstrated that there was a link between the yeast populations and the geographical area. When the 26S rDNA profiles were analyzed by multivariate analysis, distinct microbial communities were detected. The band profiles from different countries were different and were specific for each country and could be used as a bar code to discriminate the origin of the fruits. This method is a new traceability tool which provides fruit products with a unique bar code and makes it possible to trace back the fruits to their original country. Physalis is included in the priority list of many governments¿ horticulture and fruit export plan. It is exported from several countries including Colombia, Egypt, Zimbabwe and South Africa, but Colombia stands out as one of the largest producers, consumers and exporters. Colombia exports of Physalis in 2004 were worth 14 millions USD (El Sheikha et al., 2008a). In Egypt, economical importance of Physalis is rising, due to, achieving a great success in local, Arabic and European markets (El Sheikha, 2004). Physalis as the whole plant has many medicinal properties, including antipyretic, depurative, diuretic, pectoral, and vermifuge. A decoction is used in the treatment of abscesses, cough, fevers or sore throat (Duke and Ayensu 1985). The pulp is nutritious, containing particularly high levels of carotenoids, minerals, essential amino acids and vitamin C (El Sheikha et al., 2008b). Regarding shea tree fruits, only seven countries have statistics. Nigeria accounts for more than 60% of the production of shea butter in 2005. It is followed by Mali, Ghana and Burkina Faso, which together account for just under a third of world production in 2005. In Europe, shea butter is used mainly (95%) by the chocolate industry. The quantities exported to Japan, the United States or Switzerland would be mainly used for cosmetic or pharmacological (FAOSTAT, 2007). (Texte intégral)

Establishing the context -- Electronic commerce and electronic government : a review -- Resource based review and theory -- Methodology and development of hypotheses -- Data collection and empirical results -- Where do we go from here?

Sustainable tourism supports a great level of tourist contentment and assures a significant experience for the visitors, realizes the importance of sustainability issues and encourages sustainable tourism practices and customs among them. Long-term success in tourism is possible only with the support of the local residents. Earlier research supports the significance of local population backing in order to make tourism more sustainable. As a result, it is necessary to comprehend the attitudes and perception of the local people, which will provide a treasured acquaintance for numerous tourism improvement programs. The present study was conducted in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, to understand the community perception on tourism impact and environmental protection measures taken by the government. The study indicates that the local community is aware of the benefits of tourism development. The government should take steps to create awareness about the need for public support for the preservation of heritage sites. They should also be provided information about how the local community can benefit by way of job opportunities, small businesses, etc.

Sustainable tourism supports a great level of tourist contentment and assures a significant experience for the visitors, realizes the importance of sustainability issues and encourages sustainable tourism practices and customs among them. Long-term success in tourism is possible only with the support of the local residents. Earlier research supports the significance of local population backing in order to make tourism more sustainable. As a result, it is necessary to comprehend the attitudes and perception of the local people, which will provide a treasured acquaintance for numerous tourism improvement programs. The present study was conducted in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, to understand the community perception on tourism impact and environmental protection measures taken by the government. The study indicates that the local community is aware of the benefits of tourism development. The government should take steps to create awareness about the need for public support for the preservation of heritage sites. They should also be provided information about how the local community can benefit by way of job opportunities, small businesses, etc.

Purpose: The objectives of the study are to analyze the factors which influence patients to go to private hospitals against public hospitals of Oman and to analyze the expectations of patients from the integrated public hospitals in Oman.Design/methodology/approach: The study was carried out with a well-defined questionnaire through which 251 survey samples were collected on a random sampling basis.Findings: The results of the study reveal that there is an association between the selection of hospital and services and the cost of the services offered in the hospital and it is found that the cost of services incurred makes an impact in the selection of hospital for medical treatment. The study also revealed that in private hospitals patients could easily approach anyone including the reception staff and all are helpful, and the private hospitals are equipped with modern equipment, and doctors treat patients in a friendly manner.Research limitations/Implications: The majority of the population taken for the study are aged above 20 years, and the samples were collected from selected regions of Oman, and wide range collection of samples from all the regions will help to improve the solution.Social implications: The study suggests that sufficient medicines should be provided in all the public health centers and periodic inspection should be conducted at regular intervals to improve the standards of the public health Centers and Government Hospitals concerning cleanliness, treatments and the front line services.Originality/Value: No study has examined the causes for the hospital selection delay in the construction projects of Oman, and it is a first-hand study of its kind and the results will be useful to the stakeholders.

ABSTRACTAimsThe purpose of this study was to identify special oral and dentofacial manifestations of β‐thalassemia major (ΒTM) in Emarati children in Dubai (UAE).Materials and methodsA total of 38 (ΒTM) and 76 healthy Emirati children were recruited. An oral examination was conducted to determine dmft/DMFT indices, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, occlusal anomalies, dentofacial, and soft‐tissue abnormalities.ResultsΒTM children had significantly higher DMFT compared to the healthy controls (p‐value, 0.017). The Met Need Index (MNI) and the Restorative Index (RI) were lower in the ΒTM group but without statistical significance. Calculus Index (CI) was found to be significantly higher in ΒTM children (p‐value, 0.002). The proportion of gingivitis was significantly lower in the ΒTM group (p‐value, 0.009). ΒTM children had significantly higher proportion of retained primary teeth (p‐value, 0.001) and gingival pigmentation compared with healthy controls (p‐value, 0.001). BTM children did not have any statistically significant difference in the Angle molar classiication compared to the control. Interestigly, a significantly higher proportion of transverse cross bite was found in the control subjects compared to the BTM group (p‐value, 0.004).ConclusionsSignificantly higher DMFT, retained primary teeth, gingival pigmentation, and CI was found in the BTM group compared to the controls while significantly lower gingivitis index and transverse cross bite was seen in the BTM group.