Suchergebnisse

The article assigns an objective to identify the particular aspects of the actions taken by the government of the Republic of Tatarstan to solve the problems of the socio-economic creses of the 2000s. A special attention is given to the analysis of the current situation in the region in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and some acute phenomena in the republic's economy in the second quarter of 2020. At the time under discussion, society showed demand in quick and timely socio-economic support from the state. A package of federal measures is being adopted to render assistance to various market participants. The Center provided opportunities for the regions to make decisions based on the local situation, which allowed them to take independent steps in this direction. Such mechanism was not applied during the crises of 2008 and 2015, while the measures of that time were not as transparent as today. To compare the strategies of the Tatarstan Government aimed at stabilizing the socio-economic situation in the republic in the context of the three crises, the article refers to documents for the period of 2009–2020, which are publicly available on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic, and the data of the socio-economic situation in Tatarstan from the Federal State Statistics Service for 2019–2020.

The article highlights contribution of Tatar teachers in organizing Jadidist schools and educating children of the local peoples in Turkestan. Opinions of scientists of the early twentieth century, the Soviet period, and also modern researchers on this problem are presented. Based on the materials from newspapers and magazines of the early 20th century in the Tatar and Uzbek languages, the article highlights the history of the opening of certain schools and their activities. The issues of the the local population representatives' attitide to the work of Tatar teachers are revealed. In addition, the role and influence of Tatar teachers and their textbooks on publishing educational literature written in the Turkestan peoples' languages is also emphasized.

The article presents the story of the scandalous publication from Menzelinsk Uyezd, which was published in a Moscow newspaper in 1849 and provoked a series of events in public life. Based on archival documents and materials of the pre-revolutionary press, the author reconstructed the event series of the conflict situation, revealed the causes and consequences of the conflict, the motives of the parties, as well as the impact of the scandal on society. The publication is devoted to both the history of the Menzelinsk Uyezd and the specifics of how the local authorities in the provinces of the Russian Empire functioned. Therefore, the article reveals wide possibilities of micro-historical analysis.

In an introductory article to the thematic issue "Rizaeddin Fakhreddin: a Reformer and a 'Network Manager'" we attempt to look at the religious, social, publishing, scientific, and literary legacy of Rizaeddin Fakhreddin in the light of his participation in the construction of Muslim public space within Russian society.

Metric books are one of the essential sets of sources that provide valuable material for historical research. Unfortunately, metric books' level of use and involvement as historical sources in scientific and scholarly works is still mediocre. At the beginning of the XX century, Rizaeddin Fakhreddin paid attention to those primary sources: he actively referenced them in his scientific research and contributed to their preservation. Thanks to Qadi, the mufti of the USSR Rizaeddin Fakhreddin, the extensive collections of Muslim metric books were preserved. The key sources for his famous works as «Famous Men», «Famous Women», «Asar» were metrical books. It is worth highlighting the bibliographic work, «Asar» There Fakhreddin restored the biography, exact dates of birth and death, and lineage of prominent people, theologians, and imams based on the materials from metrical books. This article aims to demonstrate the role and importance of metric books in the scientific research of Fakhreddin. This article set several tasks, namely: to analyze material the metric books as sources of historical research, demonstrate the degree of usage of metric books by Fakhreddin in his works, and to evaluate the possibilities of studying these documents in the disclosure of several scholarly topics. For the first time in this publication, the scientific legacy of Fakhreddin is studied from that perspective. The author also draws attention to the fact that the biography of R. Fakhreddin, written by his hand, contains many extracts from the metrical books of his family members and close relatives. It worth mentioning that the author in his article draws attention to such discussions, which have recently become quite relevant, for example, the question of whether a person registered in the metric books belongs to a particular nationality. As the article will demonstrate below, a person's social affiliation in metric books cannot be interpreted as his nationality. According to the rules of registration of metric books, there was no indication specifying a person's nationality; besides, a person's nationality did not have any significance. Fakhreddin's reverential attitude and appeal to metric books emphasize their essential place in Tatar-written sources' complex. The scientific study of a voluminous complex of metric books as valuable historical sources should be an important research area in historical science.

The article analyzes the famous Tatar scholar, teacher, enlightener, and public figure Riza Fakhreddin's opinion on Muslim national and religious schools. Fakh-reddin's publications published in the Tatar periodical in 1913–1914 served as a source for writing the work. In 1913, Mufti M.Sultanov received an official letter from the Department for Foreign Confessions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The letter requested Muslims' opinions about the situation of religious schools from the Islamic perspective. In his works, Fakhreddin gives the questionnaire answers and covers the Muslim community's opinion about this document.

The article considers a number of critical remarks made by Musa Bigiev in his short work "Mulyakhaza" (published in 1914) concerning some points presented by Rizaeddin Fakhreddin in his famous book "Religious and social problems" (published in 1914). In particular, Bigiev's comments on inaccuracies in Fakhreddin's translation in the 116th ayat of the 5th Sura of the Kur'an; Fakhreddin is the attitude to the practice of takfir; about the relationship between the beliefs of the believer and the heartly feelings; and the need to use the scientific achievements in understanding the Kur'an. An example of Bigiev's criticism of the recognized religious leader's work is documentary confirmation of the respectful relations between two religious authorities; each valued the truth above all. At the same time, differences of opinion did not negatively affect friendship and cooperation. In addition, the critical review of Bigiev reflects the breadth of his views and depth of approaches in solving the problem of Muslim society.