Suchergebnisse

Die gegenwärtige Soziologie leidet unter einer Reihe bedeutender Einschränkungen: So fokussiert sie allein die Dimension des Handelns, Kommunizierens, Selektierens und Konstruierens, an der sie, noch dazu nur Menschen, teilhaben lässt. Diese aktivistischen Vorurteile und anthropologischen Egoismen gilt es zu überwinden.Die vorliegende Studie zeigt auf, dass die Existenzweisen und Weltverhältnisse von Subjekten, Systemen und Netzwerken nicht aus deren Aktivität hervorgehen, sondern aus sozialen Beziehungen – und diese können sowohl interaktiv als auch interpassiv sein. Das ermöglicht der hier entwickelten relationalen Soziologie außerdem, die Vielfalt der menschlichen und nicht-menschlichen Akteure und Passeure in den Blick zu nehmen.Zwei empirische Fallstudien illustrieren abschließend die theoretische und methodologische Leistungsfähigkeit des vorgeschlagenen Perspektivenwechsels. Die Beziehungen zwischen Menschen und Tieren in sogenannten indigenen Gesellschaften lassen sich damit ebenso verstehen lernen wie die immersiven Versenkungen von Hochfrequenzhändlern in ihre algorithmischen Systeme.

This paper challenges the conventional belief that trust is an essential component of social cohesion, for example, in the context of climate change denial and post-truth politics. It argues that simply increasing trust or distrust does not address the underlying issues of contemporary societal challenges. This is because these efforts presuppose a 'trusting subject' at the heart of the problem. The paper examines the process of subjectification, exploring forms of modern subjectification and how they relate to trust, and how individuals become trusting subjects in relation to and within certain social frameworks. Introducing a new typology, it categorises trust into subjectifying, counter-subjectifying and post-subjectifying forms, revealing how trust both influences and is influenced by social dynamics and power structures. The conclusion advocates a 'post-trust' approach, urging a reimagining of relationships with nature and others. This approach emphasises the interconnectedness of human and non-human actors and calls for new forms of relationality and sensitivity to address global challenges effectively.

Anne Sauvagnargues: Ethologie der Kunst - Deleuze, Guattari und Simondon. Berlin: August Verlag Berlin 2019. 978-3-941360-60-0

Ulrich Bröckling: Gute Hirten führen sanft: Über Menschenregierungskünste. Berlin: Suhrkamp 2017. 978-3-518-29817-6

In the Sociology of Emotion and Affect Studies, affects are usually regarded as an aspect of human beings alone, or of impersonal or collective atmospheres. However, feelings and emotions are only specific cases of affectivity that require subjective inner selves, while the concept of 'atmospheres' fails to explain the singularity of each individual case. This article develops a theory of social affect that does not reduce affect to either personal feelings or collective emotions. First, I use a Spinozist understanding of the 'body' to conceptualize the receptivity and mutual constitution of bodies, to show how affects do not 'belong' to anybody; they are not solely attributable either to the human or to any kind of body alone, but emerge in situations of the encounter and interaction (between bodies). Next I build upon Jean-Marie Guyau's concept of transmissions to show how we can theorize affect as an emerging transmission between and among bodies. Finally, I demonstrate how we now have a complete conceptual frame for theorizing affect in relation to all bodies in any given social scene, the grand composition of which I call affectif.

What are algorithmic cultures? / Jonathan Roberge / Robert Seyfert -- The algorithmic choreography of the impressionable subject / Lucas D. Introna -- #trendingistrending : when algorithms become culture / Tarleton Gillespie -- Shaping consumers' online voices : algorithmic apparatus or evaluation culture? / Jean-Samuel Beuscart / Kevin Mellet -- Deconstructing the algorithm : four types of digital information calculations / Dominique Cardon -- Baffled by an algorithm : mediation and the auditory relations of "immersive audio" / Joe Klett -- Algorhythmic ecosystems : neoliberal couplings and their pathogenesis 1960 present / Shinataro Miyazaki -- Drones : the mobilization of algorithms / Valentin Rauer -- Social bots as algorithmic pirates and messengers of techno-environmental agency / Oliver Leistert

High frequency trading, Google ranking, filter bubble – just three topical examples of the power of algorithms. This title presents a collection of contributions that deal with the historical emergence and wide distribution of algorithms that can be found in various aspects of social life today. They focus on the correlations between algorithmic and non-algorithmic actors and their significance for our daily lives and our social relationships and follow up on the mechanisms with which algorithms – products of a specific global access – frame reality while organizing the way how humans thinks about society. The contributions include case studies on social media, advertising and evaluation but also on mobile safety infrastructures, such as drones. - Hochfrequenzhandel, Google-Ranking, Filterbubble – nur drei aktuelle Beispiele der Wirkmacht von Algorithmen. Der Band versammelt Beiträge, die sich mit dem historischen Auftauchen und der mittlerweile allgegenwärtigen Verbreitung von Algorithmen in verschiedenen Bereichen des sozialen Lebens beschäftigen. Sie nehmen die Wechselbeziehungen algorithmischer und nicht-algorithmischer Akteure und deren Bedeutungen für unseren Alltag und unsere Sozialbeziehungen in den Blick und gehen den Mechanismen nach, mit denen Algorithmen – selbst Produkte eines spezifischen Weltzugangs – die Wirklichkeit rahmen, während sie zugleich die Art und Weise organisieren, wie Menschen über Gesellschaft denken. Die Beiträge beinhalten Fallstudien zu Sozialen Medien, Werbung und Bewertung, aber auch zu mobilen Sicherheitsinfrastrukturen wie z.B. Drohnen.

In modern societies collective identity is both an empty signifier and a sacred center: even as its existence is taken for granted, what is or should be is subject to a host of different and often conflicting interpretations. However, the narratives and representations of collective identity are in no way undermined by these public debates; these signifiers are seen rather as a problem that is in principle amenable to solution, as something that ought to be (re)solved. In fact, the empty signifiers of collective identity are constructed as solvable secrets precisely and primarily in public speech, open debate and perpetual critique. This article identifies the public and private modes of dealing with empty signifiers – through collective traumatic repressions, private resentments, public discourses adhering to argumentation ethics, and individual fabulations.

"Kollektive Identität ist heiliges und bedeutungsleeres Zentrum zugleich: Sie gilt zwar unhinterfragt, wird aber immer anders verstanden. Dennoch wird sie nicht als unerklärliches Mysterium angesehen, sondern als prinzipiell aufklärbarer Gegenstand" (Autorenreferat)