Suchergebnisse

This paper presents the first consistent inventory of emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide (CO2), for the countries co-operating in the Central European Initiative (CEI): Austria, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Slovenia. The inventory is based on national and regional statistics as well as on information from collaborating institutions. National data has been verified and converted into a common format, consistent with the database used by the European Environmental Agency and the European Community ("the CORINAIR" system). The inventory describes emissions in the year 1988, before the restructuring process began in the socialist economies. Data has been collected on the national level, for administrational units and for large point sources. The database on point sources contains specific information on 400 large plants in the region (e.g., capacity, commissioning year, fuel use, production, etc.).

This paper presents the first consistent inventory of emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide (CO2), for the countries co-operating in the Central European Initiative (CEI): Austria, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Slovenia. The inventory is based on national and regional statistics as well as on information from collaborating institutions. National data has been verified and converted into a common format, consistent with the database used by the European Environmental Agency and the European Community ("the CORINAIR" system). The inventory describes emissions in the year 1988, before the restructuring process began in the socialist economies. Data has been collected on the national level, for administrational units and for large point sources. The database on point sources contains specific information on 400 large plants in the region (e.g., capacity, commissioning year, fuel use, production, etc.).

Paper discusses integrated assessment methodology of air pollution and greenhouse gases mitigation. RAINS/GAINS model developed at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) is described. Its use in policy-relevant analysis is discussed with particular focus on studies for the development of policies of the European Union and under the UN/ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP). Importance of interactions and synergies between air pollution and greenhouse gases policies is stressed. Integrated assessment has proven to be an important tool for preparation of air pollution control legislation in Europe. Although most prominent applications of integrated assessment referred to international policies, recently these methods have been applied in several national studies for in-depth analyses at sub-national regional level. It is advisable to further disseminate applications of the methodology and software tools for regional assessment.

Paper discusses integrated assessment methodology of air pollution and greenhouse gases mitigation. RAINS/GAINS model developed at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) is described. Its use in policy-relevant analysis is discussed with particular focus on studies for the development of policies of the European Union and under the UN/ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP). Importance of interactions and synergies between air pollution and greenhouse gases policies is stressed. Integrated assessment has proven to be an important tool for preparation of air pollution control legislation in Europe. Although most prominent applications of integrated assessment referred to international policies, recently these methods have been applied in several national studies for in-depth analyses at sub-national regional level. It is advisable to further disseminate applications of the methodology and software tools for regional assessment.