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The present study aimed to analyze the structure of administrative systems in Hormozgan and its adaptation to the 1404 perspective with the land use planning (land preparation) approach. This paper is applied in purpose and is descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical population of this research is Hormozgan as one of the Iran provinces. In order to collect information on the theoretical foundations and research literature, library resources, articles and required books were used and indicators of the administrative system structures (staff, development budget, planning system, spatial structure and free zones) were identified. The required quantitative data was extracted and classified based on census and housing results during 2006- 2017 and after quantitative calculations, they were analyzed in order to adjust with the 1404 goals. In order to analyze the information, time series and factor analysis methods and central tendencies and dispersion were used. SPSS version 24, MINTAB version 17, AMOS version 24 and excel were used for data analysis. Based on the results, considering that there was a significant difference between the value of the mean calculated for each of the factors of the administrative system structure during 2006-2017 (the current administrative system of Hormozgan) and the values related to the administrative system of perspective 1404, so it can be said that there is a difference between the current administrative system of Hormozgan and the perspective of 1404 with the land use planning approach.

The objective of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of knowledge-based decision-making and to present an effective model. The statistical population of the present study consists of two groups. The first group consists of experts who are familiar with knowledge-based decision-making theories that their number is unlimited and scattered across the country. They were selected purposefully and their opinions were applied in this study in the formulating and designing of the model. The second group consists of top-level, low-level, and middle-level managers of the Iranian National Tax Administration (n=2115), who are working in the tax affairs of Iran's provinces and cities. According to the Cochran formula, 325 of them were selected as samples. The methodology of this study was descriptive-survey and knowledge-based decision-making. A questionnaire with a validity of 93.8 and reliability of 94.6% was used to collect the data. Structural equation modeling through LISREL 8.8 version software was used to analyze the data. Based on the results, the power of the relationship between the dimensions and components of knowledge-based decision-making (performance factors, behavioral factors, attitudinal factors, and structural factors) in the Iranian National Tax Administration was at a desirable level. The t-test statistic was also larger than the critical t-value of 1.96 at a 5% error level and showed a significant correlation. Based on the fitted models, it can be stated that the knowledge-based decisionmaking dimensions and components of the Iranian National Tax Administration have a relationship with each other and this relationship is direct.

Background: The present study aimed to provide an efficient evaluation model in the economic field in the context of resistance economics in Iran. Method: Grounded theory was used as a qualitative method for this study. During the interviews with 10 policy-makers of the policies approved by the Parliament of Iran (representatives of Iran's parliament in ten periods) and scientific experts, information was collected and the interview data were coded and ultimately provides a pattern of topics and categories and is therefore selected. After conducting the interview, the data obtained through the Document menu of MAXQDA software were entered into the software by selecting the Imported document(s) option, a model was presented by using MAXQDA software, Results: The model has two parts, enablers and results or consequences. Empowerment includes 5 criteria (strategic management, trust in the ability and plans of policymakers, balanced development of inputs and outputs of the science and technology and factors involved in the implementation of policies and infrastructure) and results (perceived, performance and finance). Factors involved in evaluating the resistance to economic policies have included intra-group and institutional collectivism, independence and attention to the views of the Supreme Leader. Conclusion: With the emergence of the nuclear issue in the international arena towards Iran and multilateral sanctions, Iranian economists must try to provide a local model called the resistance economy to get out of the current situation.

Background: Human resource management should use the various systems of retention of individuals that lead to mental and physical reconstruction. Methods: This was a qualitative and descriptive-analytical study. Collecting data was achieved through interviews and was coded in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The statistical population included all managers of the province hospitals. They included 20 managers, 3 governor's deputy and 3 governor's advisor and a total number of 26 people. In the axial coding stage, by categorizing, conceptualizing and approximating open codes, the researcher classified open codes in 19 classes regarding the phenomenon of recruitment and retention of staff in the study hospital. In the selective coding stage, the conceptualized codes were organized into six classes, including causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, central or core concept, strategies and consequences. Results: Recognition of employability, Job adaptability, Person-job and Improving motivational structures, demographic, employment policies, Political conditions and relations in the organization, structural factors and building culture , empowerment in line with job path progress, delegation of authority and opportunities for professional development, diversity, management style, organizational innovation, creativity, learning and problem solving, Improving the efficiency, performance of the organization, improving human capital and internal marketing and learning and problem solving were causal factors of the phenomenon of effective recruitment and retention of hospital staff. Conclusion: Organizations, should provide the importance of recruitment strategy and performance of hospital staff to enhance the organizational goals.

Postmodernity has crossed the boundaries of art and philosophy very quickly, and by challenging the philosophical foundations of the social sciences, it has a great influence on mastering the theorizing of these fields. Consequently, the science of policymaking in general, and theories of policymaking in particular, have not remained immune to postmodern doctrines. Having said this, the objective of this essay is the analysis and examination of the models of explanation of the policy formulation process based on an approach of the postmodern paradigm. To this end, the issues of rationality in postmodernism, rationality in policymaking, and approaches that follow various types of rationality are discussed. The main models for explaining the policy-making process that have drawn much attention from thinkers are outlined. Studies suggest that notions such as objectivity criticism, escaping rationality, superficial, and negation of origin, and notions such as improvement, development, and justice, are among the characteristics of the postmodern paradigm that influence the policy formation ideas. The influence of the aforementioned notions in the policymaking process should be seen as a reminder of issues such as the chaotic model in policymaking, power centers, pressure groups, the mechanism for including marginal and insignificant issues on the agenda, the lack of universal models and insistence on national models of development and public decision-making, pluralism and participation. ; La posmodernidad ha cruzado las fronteras del arte y la filosofía muy rápidamente y al desafiar los fundamentos filosóficos de las ciencias sociales, ejerce una gran influencia en el dominio de la teorización de estos campos. En consecuencia, la ciencia de la formulación de políticas en general, y las teorías de formación de políticas en particular, no han permanecido inmunes a las doctrinas posmodernas. Dicho esto, el objetivo del presente ensayo es el análisis y examen de los modelos de explicación del proceso de formulación de políticas basados en un enfoque del paradigma posmodernista. Con este fin, se analizan los problemas de la racionalidad en la posmodernidad, la racionalidad en la formulación de políticas, y los enfoques que siguen varios tipos de racionalidad. Se esbozan los principales modelos de explicación del proceso de formulación de políticas que han llamado mucho la atención de los pensadores. Los estudios sugieren que nociones tales como la crítica de la objetividad, la racionalidad que se escapa, el superficialismo y la negación de origen y nociones como el mejoramiento, el desarrollo y la justicia, se encuentran entre las características del paradigma posmoderno que influyen en las ideas de formación de políticas. La influencia de las nociones antes mencionadas en el proceso de formulación de políticas debe considerarse como un recordatorio de temas como el modelo caótico en la formulación de políticas, los centros de poder, los grupos de presión, el mecanismo para incluir los temas marginales e insignificantes en la agenda, la falta de modelos universales y insistencia en modelos nacionales de desarrollo y toma de decisiones públicas, pluralismo y participación.