Nuevas aproximaciones a la teoría de los usos sociales / Carmen Gómez Mont -- Migración indígena en la frontera México-Estados Unidos / Carolina Sánchez -- John Rawls y el plurismo razonable / Dora Elvira García G. -- SINAP y pueblos indígenas / José Efraín Cruz Marín -- El papel de la raza blanca y de la religión católica en el proyecto nacional y cultural de José Vasconcelos / Mauricio Pilatowsky
This paper argues the thesis that education should be understood as a guide that directs the young people towards reflexive and imaginative social practices that allow them to formulate new and varied hypotheses as well as alternative justifications. Based on Dewey, we will expose that a goal such as this is only applicable to members of a democratic society. Next, we present some features of onto-epistemological pluralism in relation to freedom and responsibility. It is concluded that there is no justification that is closer to truth or reality. The relevance of a justified belief with good reasons lies in its practical consequences for specific conditions of existence.
El siguiente proyecto presenta un análisis de prototipo del sistema criptográficamente seguro para dinero electrónico, realizando en primera instancia un análisis de las normativas vigentes en Ecuador, lo que conllevó al levantamiento de requerimientos asumiendo que cada institución bancaria cuenta con sus propios sistemas de datos. El proyecto presenta una intercomunicación hipotética entre bancos asegurando las transacciones que se dan entre estas instituciones y proponiendo que sean reguladas por el Banco Central del Ecuador. El estudio se llevó a cabo utilizando metodología de diseño y normativas NIST, Hyperledger Fabric como herramienta principal, para establecer recomendaciones de vulnerabilidades. ; The project is a prototype analysis that consists on a design of a cryptographically secure system for electronic money, for which the Ecuadorian legislation was applied. This led to raising of requirements by taking into account that each banking institution has its own data system. This project presents hypothetical intercommunication between banks that protect transactions that take place between these institutions and propose those to be regulated by the Central Bank of Ecuador. The study was carried out using Design Methodology and NIST Standards, Hyperledger Fabric as the main tool, to stablish recommendations related to vulnerability. ; Mafla Gallegos, Luis Enrique, director
77 páginas y anexos ; La Cátedra de Paz en Colombia surge coma una opción desde la Educación para asumir procesos de postconflicto tras la firma de los acuerdos de paz entre el gobierno de Santos y las FARC-EP. En consecuencia, la tesis "CÁTEDRA DE PAZ: UNA MIRADA DESDE LOS DOCENTES DEL COLEGIO SANTIAGO DE LAS ATALAYAS IED" es un estudio de caso en el que desde que utilizó el modelo CIPP de Stufflebeam, bajo un enfoque cualitativo. El desarrollo de la tesis se estructuró en cuatro fases: Evaluación de contexto se realizó desde la Localidad de Bosa y las particularidades del colegio. Evaluación de entrada en la que se describen las principales características de la estrategia de la Caja de Herramientas del Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica. Evaluación de proceso se enfocó en las estrategias didácticas utilizadas por los docentes de ciencias sociales y electivas (artística, música, danza y ética) que implementan el programa, en total seis docentes. Evaluación de salida se tomó como base las percepciones de los docentes que implementan en el programa en relación con los cambios observados en los estudiantes. El resultado de la investigación arroja la necesidad de estructura el programa de manera interdisciplinar para lograr un trabajo articulado. ; The Cathedra of Peace in Colombia emerges as an option from the Education to assume post-conflict processes after the signing of the peace agreements between the Santos government and the FARC-EP. Consequently, the thesis "CATHEDRA OF PEACE: A LOOK FROM THE TEACHERS OF THE SCHOOL SANTIAGO DE LAS ATALAYAS IED" is a case study in which since using the Stufflebeam CIPP model, under a qualitative approach. The development of the thesis was structured in four phases: Context assessment was carried out from the Bosa Locality and the particularities of the school. Input evaluation in which the main characteristics of the strategy of the Toolkit of the National Center for Historical Memory are described. Process evaluation focused on the teaching strategies used by teachers of social and elective sciences (art, music, dance and ethics) that implement the program, in total six teachers. Product evaluation was based on the perceptions of the teachers who implement the program in relation to the changes observed in the students. The result of the research shows the need to structure the program in an interdisciplinary way to achieve an articulated work. ; Magíster en Evaluación y Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Educación ; Maestría
The phenomenon of educational quality tends to be studied in Central America from approaches quantitative research, since it is equates performance indicators. In This essay aims to study critically the category of "educational quality" as «Practices and discourses», that is, as «models» Structured sociohistorically that are crystallized in policies, programs and national educational plans. In the first part of the essay, we will argue that the landmark historical core partner to study are the educational reforms at the end of the years 80 and early 90's and its related policies to the promotion of educational quality. In the second part, we will develop the construct «policy formation process education ", as it constitutes the pillar of our theoretical- methodological strategy. In In this sense, we will show why the analyzes of Edwards are useful to understand the influence of international organizations on education systems in the region, in both power dynamics; and those of Apple for understand the influence of the national context political, economic and cultural aspects of what will be understood and practiced as quality of education in the isthmus, as an ideology. Being the analytical proposal of Antoni Verger which, to some extent, reconciles both perspectives. ; El fenómeno de la calidad educativa tiende a ser estudiado en Centroamérica desde enfoques cuantitativos de investigación, pues se equipara a indicadores de rendimiento. En este ensayo, se propone estudiar críticamente la categoría de la «calidad educativa» como «prácticas y discursos», es decir, como «modelos » estructurados sociohistóricamente que se cristalizan en políticas, programas y planes educativos nacionales. En la primera parte del ensayo, argumentaremos que el hito socio histórico medular a estudiar son las reformas educativas a finales de los años 80 y principios de los 90 y sus políticas vinculadas a la promoción de la calidad educativa. En la segunda parte, desarrollaremos el constructo «proceso de formación de políticas educativas», pues constituye el pilar de nuestra estrategia teórico-metodológica. En este sentido, mostraremos porqué los análisis de Edwards son útiles para comprender la influencia de los organismos internacionales sobre los sistemas educativos en la región, en tanto dinámicas de poder; y los de Apple para entender la influencia del contexto nacional político, económico y cultural sobre lo que se va a entender y practicar como calidad de la educación en el istmo, en tanto ideología. Siendo la propuesta analítica de Antoni Verger la que en alguna medida concilia ambas perspectivas.
ABSTRACT The emergence of ex-rebels' political parties after peace accords creates a vehicle for political reintegration, which in turn has positive effects on peace and democracy consolidation after war. However, many of these parties tend to break apart and disappear, elevating the risk of renewed cycles of political violence. In times of war, cohesion plays a pivotal role in maintaining the bonds among members of armed organizations. It empowers them to perform effectively even in the face of challenging conditions and continues to be a critical factor during postconflict transitions. By means of a quantitative analysis of former FARC guerrillas in Colombia, now part of a newly founded legal political party, we test whether ideology, organizational dynamics, or individual perceptions and motivations help to explain their levels of cohesion. Our results show that even if all dimensions add up to the observed cohesion levels, perceptions of internal democracy, and inclusion, are the most relevant. We argue that assistance to former rebels in their organizational reengineering efforts after war will help to reduce the risk of the negative effects of rebel party collapse.
3 ilus. 1 tab. 15 ref. 10 pág. ; El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las condiciones, procesos y resultados de la restauración del paisaje en el cantón de Hojancha, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Para ello se construyó un estándar (marco jerárquico de principios, criterios e indicadores -PC&I) y se sistematizó la experiencia desde el punto de vista de institucionalidad. Los resultados muestran que las condiciones se dieron en el ámbito de políticas, intervención externa y mecanismos de compensación. Los procesos desarrollados fueron la capacidad de gestión y la coordinación y convergencia de las acciones de las instituciones locales. Los resultados se dieron en la estructura y composición del paisaje y en los bienes y servicios que el mismo genera. The objective of the study was to evaluate the conditions, processes, and results of landscape restoration in Hojancha, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. The methodology was developed by constructing a standard (hierarchical framework of principles, criteria, and indicators [PC&I]) and with the systemization of the experience from the institutional point of view. The results showed that the conditions were observed in the political framework, external intervention, and compensation mechanisms. The processes developed were the managing capacity, coordination, and action convergence of local institutions. The results were observed in the structure and composition of the landscape as well as in the goods and services generated by the landscape.
3 ilus. 1 tab. 15 ref. 10 pág. ; El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las condiciones, procesos y resultados de la restauración del paisaje en el cantón de Hojancha, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Para ello se construyó un estándar (marco jerárquico de principios, criterios e indicadores -PC&I) y se sistematizó la experiencia desde el punto de vista de institucionalidad. Los resultados muestran que las condiciones se dieron en el ámbito de políticas, intervención externa y mecanismos de compensación. Los procesos desarrollados fueron la capacidad de gestión y la coordinación y convergencia de las acciones de las instituciones locales. Los resultados se dieron en la estructura y composición del paisaje y en los bienes y servicios que el mismo genera. The objective of the study was to evaluate the conditions, processes, and results of landscape restoration in Hojancha, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. The methodology was developed by constructing a standard (hierarchical framework of principles, criteria, and indicators [PC&I]) and with the systemization of the experience from the institutional point of view. The results showed that the conditions were observed in the political framework, external intervention, and compensation mechanisms. The processes developed were the managing capacity, coordination, and action convergence of local institutions. The results were observed in the structure and composition of the landscape as well as in the goods and services generated by the landscape.
Throughout history, women have been actively involved in the advancement of science, while struggling to overcome challenges to participate and a lack of recognition. Prior to 1950, most women were not included in the lists of "classical" descriptions of the iconic scientific figures nor included in the most relevant historical accounts. Since the second half of the twentieth century, great efforts have been made to recognize the contributions of women to the advancement of science, especially since formal scientific careers have been dominated by men, with limited (or no) access to women. Despite these challenging social, political and cultural contexts, many women have succeeded in making significant advancements, and their contributions are now being acknowledged. Such efforts have led to the publication of recent reviews and compilations on outstanding women in biological sciences. The field of medical entomology is inherently interdisciplinary, focusing on insects and other arthropods that affect human health, with input primarily from the biological and medical sciences and a strong public health perspective. Several reviews and book chapters describing the history of medical entomology have been published over the decades, but few women are mentioned in these publications, even though many women have contributed to this field. Much of the information on these women is currently scattered throughout the published literature and historical records on a wide range of topics, including activism, virology, vector control and even acarology. Considering that there is no single available compilation of women contributors in the history of medical entomology, this review aims to provide a list of 22 women and their contributions to this field. The list includes women from diverse backgrounds, born in the late 1800s and before 1950, who directly impacted medical entomology in various ways and in different regions of the world. This compilation is far from exhaustive, but it aims to identify role models and ...
