Suchergebnisse

Indian mining sector adopted the National Mineral Policy in 1993 and fully open up for foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2005. Prior to 1993, private participation in mining operation was restricted, and public sector played a dominant role in mineral exploration. Metallic minerals hold a vital position in the Indian mining sector and fulfil the input demand of industrial sector by supplying basic raw materials. This paper attempts to estimate and analyse the productive performance of the Indian metallic mining sector by decomposing the total factor productivity (TFP) growth into different components using firm‐level data for the period 1988–89 to 2014–15. Furthermore, the possibility of changes in productivity and its constituent components in different policy regimes have been unravelled. The analysis shows that the average TFP growth of the metallic mining is 0.07% during the study period, which is largely due to technological progress and technical efficiency change. However, TFP growth has declined from 0.28% in 1989–2005 to −0.33% in the period during complete allow of FDI. The decomposition of TFP growth using stochastic production frontier reveals that decline in productivity is due to change in scale efficiency and allocative efficiency components. It could be suggested that to improve the productivity growth further, metallic mining should upgrade to advance technology in operation and take the benefit of the scale factor.

The objective of the present study is to examine the impact of socioeconomic conditions on happiness in 21 Emerging Market Economies (EMEs) with the help of three sub‐samples comprising America, Asia, and EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa) countries from 2006 to 2019. For this objective, panel corrected standard error model is used to resolve the problem of cross‐sectional dependence, group‐wise heteroscedasticity, and panel autocorrelation. The results of the study reveal that economic growth plays a positive role in determining the happiness of EMEs of America and EMEA sample countries. At the same time, globalisation and inflation affect the happiness of people in American sample countries in a negative way. In the sample of Asian countries, social support has a substantial impact on happiness. Corruption in the government and business sectors reduces the happiness of selected countries of both Asia and America. This article contributes to the existing literature by first time considering EMEs which have undergone liberalisation reforms and experienced transformation in their socioeconomic conditions. In conclusion, the study suggests that GDP per capita and social support positively stimulates happiness while the perception of corruption negatively impacts happiness in selected EMEs. These implications can help in building a line of actions for strengthening anti‐corruption institutions and promoting social integrations among these EMEs.

The study has tried to investigate the status of the financial inclusion of tribal people in two tribal concentrated districts, namely Bolangir and Mayurbhanj, in the state of Odisha. Field investigations were undertaken to find out the status of financial inclusion in six villages of these two districts where the proportion of the tribal population was larger than that of the total population. Primary data were collected from 300 households by using a semi-open survey schedule. It was found that about 71.7 per cent of households had no savings bank accounts; 70.7 per cent were not involved in self-help group activities and 97.7 per cent did not have post office savings accounts. Additionally, a logit regression model was used to identify the various determinants of financial inclusion of tribal households. The results revealed that years of education attained by the household head, size of private-owned land, total annual income of the household and participation in the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) were significant determinants for financial inclusion among tribal people.