Suchergebnisse

The conditions by which choices in government policy priorities toward sectoral production may instigate increased income inequality are examined. A dynamic multisectoral model is proposed in which the main link is the necessary correspondence between rapid growth in the production of certain types of goods and the expansion of demand in the internal market. Application to Brazilian data for the period 1967-1977 illustrates the possibilities of such a tool for economic analysis

Diverse instruments have been used to encourage developing agriculture. In the process, billions of dollars have been spent on providing incentives to peasants. Given scarce resources, an important concern has been the issue of what policy instruments to emphasize. In this regard, useful policy information can be gleaned from the role of expected profits (revenue and input prices), assets (irrigation and infrastructure), and relevant risks, in evoking peasant response. Using panel data for the period 1967/1968 to 1999/2000 pertaining to seven major Indian cash crops cultivated across 14 major states, we find strong evidence of a differential producer response in the post‐liberalization phase, although the important variables per se are much the same. Our results suggest that the preferred policy ought to emphasize availability of irrigation, affordable fertilizer, and rural infrastructure, rather than incessant increases in output prices.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Resources on the Companion Website -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Economic Development -- A Huge Challenge: No Less Than 84 Percent of the World's Population -- A Multidimensional Concept: The "Seven Horsemen of Underdevelopment" -- Trade-Offs and National Priorities: The Need to Choose -- The Primacy of Growth: Understanding Selective Convergence -- State, Market, and Civil Society: The Iron Triangle of Development -- Changing Ideas About the Relative Roles of State, Market, and Civil Society for Development -- Market Failures, State Failures, and Civil Society Failures -- How Do Poor People Behave? -- Alternative Current Interpretations of What Induces Development -- Positive Analysis of Development: Diagnostics and Causalities -- Normative Analysis of Development: Learning from Others, Discovering Solutions -- The Causal Revolution in Economic Development -- Big Game, Small Game in Choosing Development Strategies -- The Need to Think Development -- Development Economics -- Why Should We Be Interested in Development Economics? -- Note -- References -- Chapter One What Is Development?: Indicators and Issues -- Seven Dimensions of Development -- Income and Income Growth -- Calculating Change Over Time: Compound Annual Growth Rates -- Growth Rate Computed Between Two Dates -- Growth Rate Computed Over the Whole Period -- Comparisons Over Time: The Need to Adjust for Inflation -- Time to Double at a Given Growth Rate: The 70 Years Rule -- Comparisons Across Countries: The Need to Bring Income Figures Into a Single Currency -- Comparisons at the Official Exchange Rate -- Comparisons at the Ppp-Adjusted Exchange Rate -- Genuine Progress Indicator (gpi): Accounting for Non-Marketed Services.