Suchergebnisse

AIM: To analyse and characterize the pattern of working and mobile phone usage distances for common users of electronic devices and computers. METHODS: Transversal descriptive study consisting of a screening campaign evaluating the visual status of different professionals working with computers or electronic devices more than 2h per day. A total of 100 healthy patients with a mean age of 41.2 (range: 20-62) years were revised and subdivided according to job subgroups. A battery of screening tests was performed to all participants in a single session at the working environment of each of them, including measurement of the working distance (WD), arm length, and mobile phone usage distances (MPUD). RESULTS: The WD was significantly longer than MPUD (61.22±12.35 vs 32.22±6.35 cm; P<0.001). Likewise, MPUD was significantly shorter than the arm length (74.44±4.65 cm; P<0.001). A total of 4% (4/100) and 91% (91/100) of patients had a WD and MPUD of 40 cm or below, respectively. A weak although statistically significant correlation was found between WD and MPUD (r=0.387, P<0.001) as well as between WD and arm length (r=0.260, P=0.009). Statistically significant differences were detected among job subgroups in WD (P=0.021), being longer for militaries compared to university researchers and lecturers (P=0.025). CONCLUSION: Working and mobile phone usage distances vary significantly among common users of computers and digital devices, although the use of mobile phones tends to be performed at significantly closer distances. This parameter should be considered when planning any type of optical correction, especially for presbyopia.

AIM: To analyse and characterize the pattern of working and mobile phone usage distances (MPUD) for common users of electronic devices and computers. METHODS: Transversal descriptive study consisting of a screening campaign evaluating the visual status of different professionals working with computers or electronic devices more than 2h per day. A total of 100 healthy patients with a mean age of 41.2 (range: 20-62) years were revised and subdivided according to job subgroups. A battery of screening tests was performed to all participants in a single session at the working environment of each of them, including measurement of the working distance (WD), arm length, and MPUD. RESULTS: The WD was significantly longer than MPUD (61.22±12.35 vs 32.22±6.35 cm; P<0.001). Likewise, MPUD was significantly shorter than the arm length (74.44±4.65 cm; P<0.001). A total of 4% (4/100) and 91% (91/100) of patients had a WD and MPUD of 40 cm or below, respectively. A weak although statistically significant correlation was found between WD and MPUD (r=0.387, P<0.001) as well as between WD and arm length (r=0.260, P=0.009). Statistically significant differences were detected among job subgroups in WD(P=0.021), being longer for militaries compared to university researchers and lecturers (P=0.025). CONCLUSION: Working and mobile phone usage distances vary significantly among common users of computers and digital devices, although the use of mobile phones tends to be performed at significantly closer distances. This parameter should be considered when planning any type of optical correction, especially for presbyopia.

Factors such as lactation stage and premature and small-for-gestational conditions could lead to great inter-individual variability in the carotenoid content of human milk. The aim was to analyze the carotenoid content in colostrum and mature milk of preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) mothers to establish whether they are significantly different and, if so, the stage of lactation when the differences are established. Samples of blood, colostrum, and mature milk were collected from Spanish donating mothers who gave birth to PT or FT infants. Carotenoids from serum and milk samples were analyzed by HPLC-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-MS. Quantitatively, colostrum from PT mothers presented lower total carotenoid content when compared to that from FT mothers. The only exception was lutein, where levels were not different. The transition from colostrum to mature milk makes observed differences in the carotenoid content disappear, since there were no variances between PT and FT groups for both individual and total carotenoid content. The premature birth condition affects the quantitative carotenoid composition of the colostrum but has no effect on the lutein content. This fact could be related to the significant role of this xanthophyll in the development of infant retina and feasibly to cognitive function. ; Source of financial support: Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Spanish Government, grants AGL2013-42757-R and AGL2017-87884-R. A.A.O.X. is a fellow of the Science without Borders Program of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, fellowship 238163/2012-1. ; Peer reviewed