Tanzania is a case where educational reforms have been carried out and even attained some major achievements, but could not make their fair contribution to economic growth and development because of inadequate political and economic circumstances and policies. However, it might be too early to make any final judgement keeping in mind its very short history of independence
Die Gewinnung von FH-Professorinnen und -Professoren wird seit 2016 von Wissenschaftsorganisationen intensiv diskutiert. Gelingt es an der Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin im Rahmen der freien Berufungskorridore den Frauenanteil unter den FH-Professuren markant zu erhöhen und eine "place to be"-Strategie zu etablieren? Aufbauend auf den Erkenntnissen von 22 Jahren Förderung des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses im Hypatia-Programm wird unter Berücksichtigung von Handlungsempfehlungen zum Personal Recruiting im Wissenschaftsbereich die besondere Situation von Hochschulen der angewandten Wissenschaften im MINT-Bereich berücksichtigt und im Rahmen des Gleichstellungskonzeptes mit Maßnahmen zum Karriereziel FH-Professorin verankert.
Das Buch mit Biographien und Sachbeiträgen zur Geschichte und Zukunft der Frauenförderung an der TFH geht den Spuren nach, die Frauen in der Entwicklung der TFH hinterlassen haben. Inhalt: GRUSSWORTE (Thümer, Reinhard: Zukunft braucht Vergangenheit. - Wüst, Heidemarie: Mit Frauen besser profiliert!). - FRAUEN IN DEN INGENIEUR- UND NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN (Wieneke-Toutaoui, Burghilde: Eine frühe Ingenieurin - Dr. Lillian Moller Gilbreth. - Kammasch, Gudrun: Hauptamtliche Frauenbeauftragte an Fachhochschulen? Die waren nicht vorgesehen! - Buschmann, Barbara: Recht und Gleichstellung in der Hochschulwirklichkeit. Entwicklungsprozess und Chancen für die Zukunft. - Gross, Monika/Herzog, Elfriede: Studiengänge der TFH Berlin - Strukturreform durch Integration von Genderkompetenz. - Wüst, Heidemarie: Qualitätssicherung durch Frauenförderung und Genderkompetenz). - FRAUEN DER TECHNISCHEN FACHHOCHSCHULE BERLIN (Ruschhaupt, Ulla: Portraits - Engagiert, kompetent, praxisnah. Frauen der TFH Berlin. - Asmus, Karin: Eigentlich wollte ich gar nichts anderes machen. - Buschmann, Barbara: Frauenförderung und Gleichstellungspolitik macht noch immer einen Sinn. - Görlitz, Gudrun: Herausforderungen annehmen - Aufgaben teamorientiert bewältigen. - Gross, Monika: Gleichstellungspolitisches Engagement als Professorin, Forscherin und Vizepräsidentin. - Herzog, Elfriede: Auf dem Weg zur Ingenieurin. - Jundt, Reingard: Berufswechsel - von der Soziologie zur Informatik. - Kammasch, Gudrun: Warum nicht Naturwissenschaften schon immer faszinierten! - Kamp, Roza Maria: Als Professorin lehren und forschen und eine Familie gründen, das schließt sich nicht aus. - Koch, Cora: Es macht Spaß, etwas Neues zu gestalten. - Meising, Ingeborg: Ich habe immer etwas Extra gemacht. - Meißner, Ursula: Gelebte Sprache und hochschulpolitisches Engagement. - Mirow, Christiane: Die Erhöhung des Frauenanteils in den "harten Ingenieurfächern" in allen Statusgruppen ist mein Ziel. - Monden, Monika: Ich konnte nie zugucken, wenn irgendwas schief ging. - Räbiger, Ilka: In logischen Strukturen zu denken hat mich immer fasziniert. - Ripke, Ursula: Entscheidungsprozesse der Hochschule kennen lernen und aktiv Einfluss nehmen. - Roesner, Sabine: Intelligenz oder berufliche Kompetenz sind unabhängig vom Geschlecht. - Scherf, Susanne: Traditionelle Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen aufbrechen. - Schneeweiss, Claudia: Engagement und Eigeninitiative. - Sittka, Renate: Es gibt so viele Mög ...
The "fast-forward"approach by Masuda and Nakamura generates driving potentials to accelerate slow quantum adiabatic dynamics. First we present a streamlined version of the formalism that produces the main results in a few steps. Then we show the connection between this approach and inverse engineering based on Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants. We identify in this manner applications in which the engineered potential does not depend on the initial state. Finally we discuss more general applications exemplified by wave splitting processes. ; We are grateful to S. Masuda and K. Nakamura for discussing their method; also to G. Labeyrie for comments on experimental techniques. We acknowledge funding by Projects No. GIU07/40 and No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01, and the UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55. E.T. acknowledges financial support from the Basque Government (Grant No.BFI08.151).
We study a scaling and coordinate transformation to physically simulate quantum three-body collinear chemical reactions of the type A+BC → AB+C by the motion of a single ultracold atom or a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate on an L-shaped waveguide. We determine its feasibility with current technology and its limitations. As an example we work out the parameters to model the reaction F+H2 → H+HF by the propagation of ultracold lithium atoms. ; We acknowledge the kind hospitality of the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden, funding by the Basque Government (Project No. IT 472-10), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Project No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01), R´egion Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Universitaire de France and Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Project No. ANR-09- BLAN-0134-01). E.T. acknowledges support from the Basque Government (Grant No. BFI08.151).
54 pags., 15 figs., 5 tabs., 2 apps. ; Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) are fast routes to the final results of slow, adiabatic changes of the controlling parameters of a system. The shortcuts are designed by a set of analytical and numerical methods suitable for different systems and conditions. A motivation to apply STA methods to quantum systems is to manipulate them on timescales shorter than decoherence times. Thus shortcuts to adiabaticity have become instrumental in preparing and driving internal and motional states in atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics. Applications range from information transfer and processing based on gates or analog paradigms to interferometry and metrology. The multiplicity of STA paths for the controlling parameters may be used to enhance robustness versus noise and perturbations or to optimize relevant variables. Since adiabaticity is a widespread phenomenon, STA methods also extended beyond the quantum world to optical devices, classical mechanical systems, and statistical physics. Shortcuts to adiabaticity combine well with other concepts and techniques, in particular, with optimal control theory, and pose fundamental scientific and engineering questions such as finding speed limits, quantifying the third law, or determining process energy costs and efficiencies. Concepts, methods, and applications of shortcuts to adiabaticity are reviewed and promising prospects are outlined, as well as open questions and challenges ahead. ; This work was supported by the Basque Country Government (Grant No. IT986-16); PGC2018-101355-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE); PGC2018-094792-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU); CAM/ FEDER Project No. S2018/TCS-4342 (QUITEMAD-CM); and by Programme Investissements d'Avenir under the Grant ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02, reference ANR-10-LABX0037-NEXT, as well as the Grant ANR-18-CE30-0013.
We propose an inverse method to accelerate without final excitation the adiabatic transport of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The method is based on a partial extension of the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants and provides transport protocols that satisfy exactly the no-excitation conditions without approximations. This inverse method is complemented by optimizing the trap trajectory with respect to different physical criteria and by studying the effect of perturbations such as anharmonicities and noise. ; Basque Government/IT472-10 ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion/FIS2009-12773-C02-01 ; Basque Government/BFI08.151 ; Juan de la Cierva Programme ; National Natural Science Foundation of China/60806041
A Schrödinger equation may be unitarily transformed into dynamical equations in different interaction pictures which describe a common physical process, i.e., the same underlying interactions and dynamics. In contrast to this standard scenario, other relations are also possible, such as a common interaction-picture dynamical equation corresponding to several Schrödinger equations that represent different physical processes. This may enable us to design alternative and feasible experimental routes for operations that are a priori difficult or impossible to perform. The power of this concept is exemplified by engineering Hamiltonians that improve the performance or make realizable several shortcuts to adiabaticity. ; We are grateful to M. V. Berry, M. Demirplak, D. Guéry-Odelin, and O. Morsch for discussions. We acknowledge funding by Projects No. GIU07/40, No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01, No. 61176118, and No. 12QH1400800, Juan de la Cierva Program, and the UPV/EHU under program UFI11/55. S. I. and E. T. acknowledge financial support from the Basque Government (Grants No. BFI09.39 and No. BFI08.151).
Proceeding of: 5th International Workshop DICE2010: Space-Time-Matter-Current Issues in Quantum Mechanics and Beyond, 13–17th September 2010, Castello Pasquini, Castiglioncello, Tuscany, Italy ; We review different ways to accelerate adiabatic processes in cold atom physics and atomic state preparation. Trap expansions or contractions and atomic transport may be accelerated by an invariant-based inverse engineering approach. Berry's inverse engineering method is also applied to produce fast versions of adiabatic passage methods. ; E. T. and S. I. acknowledge financial support from the Basque Government (Grants No. BFI09.39). Funding by the Basque Government (Grant IT472-10), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (FIS2009-12773-C02-01), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60806041), the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (no. 08QA14030), the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline (No. S30105), and Juan de la Cierva Programme is acknowledged.
We study the dynamics of neutral cold atoms in an L-shaped crossed-beam optical waveguide formed by two perpendicular red-detuned lasers of different intensities and a blue-detuned laser at the corner. The motion in one sense is optimized, and the motion in the other sense may be suppressed even if it is energetically allowed. Quantum and classical simulations are performed and give similar results. Complemented with a vibrational cooling process we find a range of parameters for which this setting works as a one-way device or "atom diode." ; We acknowledge the kind hospitality of the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden, funding by the Basque Country University (Project No. GIU07/40), Basque Government (Project No. IT 472-10), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Project No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01), and Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Project No. ANR-09-BLAN-0134-01). E.T. acknowledges support from the Basque Government (Grant No. BFI08.151).
Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) are fast routes to the final results of slow, adiabatic changes of the controlling parameters of a system. The shortcuts are designed by a set of analytical and numerical methods suitable for different systems and conditions. A motivation to apply STA methods to quantum systems is to manipulate them on timescales shorter than decoherence times. Thus shortcuts to adiabaticity have become instrumental in preparing and driving internal and motional states in atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics. Applications range from information transfer and processing based on gates or analog paradigms to interferometry and metrology. The multiplicity of STA paths for the controlling parameters may be used to enhance robustness versus noise and perturbations or to optimize relevant variables. Since adiabaticity is a widespread phenomenon, STA methods also extended beyond the quantum world to optical devices, classical mechanical systems, and statistical physics. Shortcuts to adiabaticity combine well with other concepts and techniques, in particular, with optimal control theory, and pose fundamental scientific and engineering questions such as finding speed limits, quantifying the third law, or determining process energy costs and efficiencies. Concepts, methods, and applications of shortcuts to adiabaticity are reviewed and promising prospects are outlined, as well as open questions and challenges ahead. ; We thank P. Claeys, S. Deffner, C. Jarzynski, R. Kosloff, M. Sarandy, E. Sherman, D. Sugny, K. Takahashi, E. Trizac, and S.-Y. Tseng for clarifying comments or a critical reading of the manuscript or sections of it. Many colleagues and collaborators, too numerous to mention individually, have contributed through the last 10 years to our work on shortcuts. We are deeply indebted to all of them. This work was supported by the Basque Country Government (Grant No. IT986-16); PGC2018-101355-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE); PGC2018-094792-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU); CAM/FEDER Project No. S2018/TCS-4342 (QUITEMAD-CM); and by Programme Investissements d'Avenir under the Grant ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02, reference ANR-10-LABX-0037-NEXT, as well as the Grant ANR-18-CE30-0013.
7 págs., 6 figs. ; Shortcuts to adiabaticity let a system reach the results of a slow adiabatic process in a shorter time. We propose to quantify the >energy cost> of the shortcut by the energy consumption of the system enlarged by including the control device. A mechanical model where the dynamics of the system and control device can be explicitly described illustrates that a broad range of possible values for the consumption is possible, including zero (above the adiabatic energy increment) when friction is negligible and the energy given away as negative power is stored and reused by perfect regenerative braking. ; We acknowledge funding from the Basque government (Grant No. IT986-16), MINECO/FEDER, UE (Grants No. FIS2015- 67161-P and No. FIS2015-70856-P), and QUITEMAD+CM S2013-ICE2801. ; Peer Reviewed
We propose an inverse method to accelerate without final excitation the adiabatic transport of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The method is based on a partial extension of the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants and provides transport protocols that satisfy exactly the no-excitation conditions without approximations. This inverse method is complemented by optimizing the trap trajectory with respect to different physical criteria and by studying the effect of perturbations such as anharmonicities and noise. ; We acknowledge funding from the Basque Government (grant no. IT472-10) and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (FIS2009-12773-C02-01). ET acknowledges financial support from the Basque Government (grant no. BFI08.151), and XC from Juan de la Cierva Programme and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 60806041).
We study fast expansions of cold atoms in a three-dimensional Gaussian-beam optical trap. Three different methods to avoid final motional excitation are compared: inverse engineering using Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants, which provides the best overall performance, a bang-bang approach, and a fast adiabatic approach. We analyze the excitation effect of anharmonic terms, radial-longitudinal coupling, and radial-frequency mismatch. In the inverse-engineering approach these perturbations can be suppressed or mitigated by increasing the laser beam waist. ; We thank G. C. Hegerfeldt for useful discussions. We acknowledge funding by the Basque government (Grant No. IT472-10), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Grant No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01), and the UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55. X.C. thanks the Juan de la Cierva Programme, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 60806041 and No. 61176118), and the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Program (Grant No. S30105); E.T. thanks the Basque government (Grant No. BFI08.151); and D.G.O. thanks the Agence National de la Recherche, the Région Midi-Pyrénées, University Paul Sabatier (OMASYC project), and the Institut Universitaire de France.
