Suchergebnisse

Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: An Introduction to Maltreatment of Institutionalized Children -- 1 Defining Child Maltreatment: Early Developments -- 2 Defining Child Maltreatment: Recent Developments -- 2.1 United Nations and World Health Organization -- 2.2 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and International Classification of Disease -- 2.3 Trauma -- 3 Child Maltreatment and Sociocultural Issues -- 4 Consequences of Child Maltreatment -- 5 Maltreatment of Children Placed in Long-Term Residential Centers -- 5.1 Neglect and Negligent Behavior in Institutional Settings -- 5.2 Emotional Abuse in Institutional Settings -- 5.3 Physical Abuse in Institutional Settings -- 5.4 Sexual Abuse in Institutional Settings -- 5.5 Witnessing Violence in Institutional Settings -- 6 Conclusion -- 6.1 Contributing Factors of Institutional Maltreatment -- 7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 2: Institutional Neglect in Romania's Long-Term Residential Centers in the 1990s from the Perspective of Children's Rights -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Institutional Neglect -- 1.1.1 International Empirical Assessments of the Quality of Institutional Care -- 1.1.2 Caregiving Context in Romanian Long-Term Residential Centers in the 1990s -- 1.2 Background and Objectives of the Current Study -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Procedures -- 2.3 Measures -- 2.3.1 The Right to Legal Identity -- 2.3.2 The Right to Personal History -- 2.3.3 The Right to Free Expression of Opinions -- 2.3.4 The Right for Information -- 2.3.5 The Right to Periodic Review of the Protective Measure -- 2.3.6 The Right of the Protective Measure and Legal Status -- 2.3.7 The Right to Have a Family -- 2.3.8 The Right to Health -- 2.3.9 The Right to Education -- 2.3.10 The Right to Personalized Care -- 2.3.11 The Right to Quality Care -- 2.4 Data Analysis Plan -- 3 Results

This data-rich volume reviews short- and long-term consequences of residential or institutional care for children across the globe as well as approaches to reducing maltreatment. Up-to-date findings from a wide range of developing and developed countries identify forms of abuse and neglect associated with institutionalization and their effects on development and pathology in younger children, adolescents, and alumni. The sections on intervention strategies highlight the often-conflicting objectives facing professionals and policymakers balancing the interests of children, families, and facilities. But despite many national and regional variations, two themes stand out: the universal right of children to live in safety, and the ongoing need for professionals and community to ensure this safety. Included among the topics: Maltreatment and living conditions in long-term residential institutions for children Outcomes from institutional rearing Recommendations to improve institutional living Historical, political, socio-economic, and cultural influences on Child Welfare Systems Latin American and the Caribbean, African, Asian, Middle-Eastern, Western and Eastern European countries and the United States of America are presented. Child Maltreatment in Residential Care will inform psychology professionals interested in the role of residential care in the lives of children, and possibilities for improved outcomes. It will also interest social workers and mental health practitioners and researchers seeking evidence-based interventions for families adopting children from residential care.

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to explore what demographic and socioeconomic factors were associated with adolescent (younger than 20 years) and adult mothers living in Romania. In total, 274 adolescent and adult mothers were recruited from two maternity wards Romanian maternity wards. The mean age of the sample was 24.64 years (SD = 6.907, range: 13–44 years). Independent samples t-tests, Pearson's chi square, Cramer's V, and risk ratios were used to assess differences in continuous and categorical demographics variables between adolescent and adult mothers. This study has shown that maternity among adolescent mothers younger than 20 years has broad sociodemographic determinations, and, consequently, the socio-economic implications could be long-term as well as costly.