Probiotics microorganisms exert their health-associated activities through some of the following general actions: competitive exclusion, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, production of bacteriocins, improvement of altered microbiota, and modulation of the immune response. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has become one of the most promising probiotics and it has been described to possess potential beneficial effects on inflammatory processes and immunological alterations. Different studies, preclinical and clinical trials, have evidenced its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and elucidated the precise mechanisms of action involved in its beneficial effects. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the effect on host health, mechanisms, and future therapeutic approaches. ; This work was supported by the Junta de Andalucía (CTS 164) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01058) with funds from the European Union. ; Yes
This work was supported by the Junta de Andalucía (CTS 164) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01058) with funds from the European Union. ; M.J. Rodríguez-Sojo is a predoctoral fellow from University of Granada ("Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina"); A.J. Ruiz-Malagón is a predoctoral fellow from Formación de Profesorado Universitario Program ("Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública"), and A. Rodríguez-Nogales is a postdoctoral fellow of Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Miguel Servet Program). ; Probiotics microorganisms exert their health-associated activities through some of the following general actions: competitive exclusion, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, production of bacteriocins, improvement of altered microbiota, and modulation of the immune response. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has become one of the most promising probiotics and it has been described to possess potential beneficial effects on inflammatory processes and immunological alterations. Different studies, preclinical and clinical trials, have evidenced its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and elucidated the precise mechanisms of action involved in its beneficial effects. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the effect on host health, mechanisms, and future therapeutic approaches. ; Junta de Andalucia CTS 164 ; Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19/01058 ; European Commission
Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in alternative therapies in the treatment of metabolic syndrome that combine efficacy and safety profiles. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extract of Thymus serpyllum, containing rosmarinic acid, on high-fat diet (HFD)- induced obesity mice, highlighting the impact of its antioxidant activity on the inflammatory status and gut dysbiosis. The extract was administered daily (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg) in HFD-fed mice. The treatment reduced body weight gain, glucose and lipid metabolic profiles. Moreover, the extract ameliorated the inflammatory status, with the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JUNK) pathway being involved, and showed a significant antioxidant effect by the reduction of radical scavenging activity and the mitigation of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the extract was able to modulate the altered gut microbiota, restoring microbial richness and diversity, and augmenting the counts of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, which have been associated with the maintenance of gut permeability and weight regulation. In conclusion, the antioxidant activity of Thymus serpyllum extract displayed a positive impact on obesity and its metabolic alterations, also reducing systemic inflammation. These effects may be mediated by modulation of the gut microbiota. ; Junta de Andalucia CTS 164 ; Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19.01058 ; Spanish Government AGL201567995-C3-3-R ; European Commission ; Instituto de Salud Carlos III
This research was funded by the FEDER-INNTERCONECTA-CDTI program (CDTI, Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology; NATURPICK Project ITC-20181038), by the Junta de Andalucia (CTS 164) and by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01058) with funds from the European Union. T.V. is a postdoctoral fellow from Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada; A.J.R.-M. and L.H.-G. are predoctoral fellows from University of Granada ("Programa de Doctorado: Medicina Clinica y Salud Publica"); P.D.-E. is a postdoctoral fellow from University of Granada. The CIBER-EHD and CIBERCV are funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. ; Background: Propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) is an organosulfur compound from Allium spp. that has shown interesting antimicrobial properties and immunomodulatory effects in different experimental models. In this sense, our aim was to evaluate its effect on an experimental model of obesity, focusing on inflammatory and metabolic markers and the gut microbiota. Methods and results: Mice were fed a high-fat diet and orally treated with different doses of PTSO (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. PTSO lessened the weight gain and improved the plasma markers associated with glucose and lipid metabolisms. PTSO also attenuated obesityassociated systemic inflammation, reducing the immune cell infiltration and, thus, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in adipose and hepatic tissues (Il-1ß, Il-6, Tnf-a, Mcp-1, Jnk-1, Jnk-2, Leptin, Leptin R, Adiponectin, Ampk, Ppar-a, Ppar-g, Glut-4 and Tlr-4) and improving the expression of different key elements for gut barrier integrity (Muc-2, Muc-3, Occludin, Zo-1 and Tff-3). Additionally, these effects were connected to a regulation of the gut microbiome, which was altered by the high-fat diet. Conclusion: Allium-derived PTSO can be considered a potential new tool for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. ; FEDER-INNTERCONECTA-CDTI program (CDTI, Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology) ITC-20181038 ; Junta de Andalucia CTS 164 ; Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19/01058 European Commission Instituto de Salud Carlos III ; European Commission
