Suchergebnisse

Urban poverty in countries like Mexico nowadays shows a new dynamism that calls for an inter disciplinary approach to allow us to sort out the underlying mechanisms that keep many Mexican households in poverty. Based on current theoretical debates about survival strategies and relying on an anthropological approach, this paper analyzes how urban poor households confront their condition. The analysis starts out from a case study, the world of meanings that underlie poverty and the alternatives that the urban poor currently develop, especially urban poor women, who are mothers (whether they be heads of household or not), in order to survive daily.

The elucidation of mechanisms involved in resistance to therapies is essential to improve the survival of patients with malignant gliomas. A major feature possessed by glioma cells that may aid their ability to survive therapy and reconstitute tumors is the capacity for self-renewal. We show here that glioma stem cells (GSCs) express low levels of MKP1, a dual-specificity phosphatase, which acts as a negative inhibitor of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, while induction of high levels of MKP1 expression are associated with differentiation of GSC. Notably, we find that high levels of MKP1 correlate with a subset of glioblastoma patients with better prognosis and overall increased survival. Gain of expression studies demonstrated that elevated MKP1 impairs self-renewal and induces differentiation of GSCs while reducing tumorigenesis in vivo. Moreover, we identified that MKP1 is epigenetically regulated and that it mediates the anti-tumor activity of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) alone or in combination with temozolomide. In summary, this study identifies MKP1 as a key modulator of the interplay between GSC self-renewal and differentiation and provides evidence that the activation of MKP1, through epigenetic regulation, might be a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome therapy resistance in glioblastoma. ; This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and FEDER Funds (PI13/02277, PI14/01495, PI15/00186, CP16/00039, PI16/01580, DTS16/084), European Union (Marie Curie CIG 2012/712404, REFBIO13/BIOD/009, and 011), and AICR/WCR [13–1270].