Suchergebnisse

Healthy lifestyle education programs are recommended for obesity prevention and treatment. However, there is no previous information on the effects of these programs on the reduction of hepatic fat percentage. The aims were (i) to examine the effectiveness of a 22-week family-based lifestyle education program on dietary habits, and (ii) to explore the associations of changes in dietary intake with percent hepatic fat reduction and adiposity in children with overweight/obesity. A total of 81 children with overweight/obesity (aged 10.6 ± 1.1 years, 53.1% girls) and their parents attended a 22-week family based healthy lifestyle and psychoeducational program accompanied with (intensive group) or without (control) an exercise program. Hepatic fat (magnetic resonance imaging), adiposity (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) and dietary habits (two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls) were assessed before and after the intervention. Energy (p < 0.01) fat (p < 0.01) and added sugar (p < 0.03) intake were significantly reduced in both groups at the end of the program, while, in addition, carbohydrates intake (p < 0.04) was reduced exclusively in the control group, and simple sugar (p < 0.05) and cholesterol (p < 0.03) intake was reduced in the exercise group. Fruit (p < 0.03) and low-fat/skimmed dairy consumption (p < 0.02), the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED, p < 0.01) and breakfast quality index (p < 0.03) were significantly higher in both control and intervention groups after the intervention. Moreover, participants in the exercise group increased the adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (p < 0.001), whereas the ratio of evening-morning energy intake was significantly lower exclusively in the control group after the program (p < 0.02). Changes in energy intake were significantly associated with changes in fat mass index (FMI) in the exercise group, whereas changes in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption was associated with percent hepatic fat reduction (p < 0.05) in the control group. A 22-week family-based healthy lifestyle program seems to be effective on improving diet quality and health in children with overweight/obesity and these should focus on SSB avoidance and physical activity. ; The current project was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry and Competitiveness (DEP2016-78377-R), by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) and by the University of the Basque Country (GIU14/21). This work was also supported by grants from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (RYC 2010-05957; RYC-2011-09011; BES-2017-080770), by the Education Department of the Government of the Basque Country (PRE_2016_1_0057, PRE_2017_2_0224, PRE_2018_2_0057, PRE_2019_2_0004) and by the University of the Basque Country (PIF17/186). This study has been partially funded by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and by ERDF (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR).

Objectives: To examine the influence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic fat content on bone mineral density (BMD), and to investigate whether the relationship between NAFLD and BMD is independent of lifestyle factors related to BMD. Methods: Hepatic fat content (magnetic resonance imaging), BMD, lean mass index, total and abdominal fat mass (dual-energy-X-ray absorptiometry), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (accelerometry), and calcium and vitamin D intake (two 24 h recalls) were measured in 115 children with overweight/obesity aged 10.6 +/- 1.1 years old. Result: Children with NAFLD had lower BMD than children without NAFLD regardless of sex, puberty stage, lean mass index, fat mass, MVPA, and calcium and vitamin D intake (0.89 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.93 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2) for NAFLD and non-NAFLD, respectively, P < 0.01). Higher hepatic fat content was significantly associated with lower BMD regardless of confounders (adjusted P < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings of the current study suggest that hepatic fat accumulation is associated with decreased BMD independently of adiposity, and regardless of those lifestyle factors closely related to bone mineral accrual in children. These results may have implication in the clinical management of children with overweight/obesity given the high prevalence of pediatric NAFLD. ; The current project was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry and Competitiveness (DEP2016-78377-R), by "Fondos Estructurales de la Union Europea (FEDER), Una manera de hacer Europa", and by the University of the Basque Country (GIU14/21). This work was also supported by grants from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (RYC-2010-05957; RYC-2011-09011), Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (FPU14/03329), and by the Education, Linguistic Policy and Culture Department of the Government of the Basque Country (PRE_2016_1_0057), and also by "Programa de Captacion de Talento - UGR Fellows" as part of "Plan Propio" of the University of Granada (Spain).

Background: The global pandemic of obesity has led to an increased risk for prediabetes and type-2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of the current project are: (1) to evaluate the effect of a 22-week family based intervention program, including supervised exercise, on insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) risk in children with a high risk of developing T2D and (2) to identify the profile of microRNA in circulating exosomes and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with a high risk of developing T2D and its response to a multidisciplinary intervention program including exercise. Methods: A total of 84 children, aged 8-12 years, with a high risk of T2D will be included and randomly assigned to control (N = 42) or intervention (N = 42) groups. The control group will receive a family based lifestyle education and psycho-educational program (2 days/month), while the intervention group will attend the same lifestyle education and psycho-educational program plus the exercise program (3 days/week, 90 min per session including warm-up, moderate to vigorous aerobic activities, and strength exercises). The following measurements will be evaluated at baseline prior to randomization and after the intervention: fasting insulin, glucose and hemoglobin A1c; body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry); ectopic fat (magnetic resonance imaging); microRNA expression in circulating exosomes and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MiSeq; Illumina); cardiorespiratory fitness (cardiopulmonary exercise testing); dietary habits and physical activity (accelerometry). Discussion: Prevention and identification of children with a high risk of developing T2D could help to improve their cardiovascular health and to reduce the comorbidities associated with obesity. ; The Spanish Ministry of Industry and Competitiveness (DEP2016-78377-R), by "Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea (FEDER), Una manera de hacer Europa." and by the University of the Basque Country (GIU14/21). This work was also supported by grants from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (RYC-2010-05957; RYC- 2011-09011), Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (FPU14/ 03329) and by the Education, Linguistic Policy and Culture Department of the Government of the Basque Country (PRE_2016_1_0057).