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This volume offers twelve original essays that explore the moral quagmire that is the emotion of amusement. It considers its moral psychology a range of perspectives, going as far back as ancient Chinese and Greek philosophy up to the most current psychological and sociological findings

"This volume offers twelve original essays that explore the moral quagmire that is the emotion of amusement. It considers its moral psychology in a range of perspectives, going as far back as ancient Chinese and Greek philosophy up to the most current psychological and sociological findings"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction: The Moral Psychology of Amusement -- Section I: Amusement and Moral Judgments -- Section II: Moral Judgments of Amusement -- Section III: Social Moral Judgments of Amusement -- Section IV: Ancient Perspectives on the Moral Judgments of Amusement -- Amusement as Emotion -- References -- Part I: Amusement and Moral Judgments -- Chapter 1: LOL: What We Can Learn from Forced Laughter -- 1. Theories of Humor and Amusement -- 2. Forced Laughter -- 3. Emotional Content, Expression, and Deception -- 4. Motoric Enaction -- 5. Social Enaction -- 6. Normative Disarmament -- 7. Enactive Forced Laughter -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2: An Interactional Sociolinguist Engages the Moral Psychology of Amusement -- An Individual Sense of Humor -- Metadiscoursal Manipulation Using "I was just joking" -- Changing Norms on What Is Suitable for Amusement -- Reactionary Revolt Against So-called "Political Correctness" -- Ethical Dilemmas of Response in Situations Where People Violate Changing Norms -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: It's All Fun and Games until Someone Gets Hurt: Amusement's Negative Influence on Moral Judgment -- Part I: Amusement's Positive Influence -- Part II: Amusement's Negative Influence -- Part III: Implications -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Part II: Moral Judgments of Amusement -- Chapter 4: Beyond a Joke: A Defence of Comic Moralism -- 1. The Merited-Response Argument -- 2. A Benign-Appraisal Condition -- 3. Defending from Carroll's Criticism -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5: This Isn't Funny: It's Serious -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Humor, Amusement, and Serious Attitudes -- 3. Explaining Criticism of Humor as Lacking Seriousness -- 4. Evaluating Criticisms of Humor -- 5. Considering Context.

This open access book presents a nuanced and accessible synthesis of the relationship between land tenure security and sustainable development. Contributing authors have collectively worked for decades on land tenure as connected with conservation and development across all major regions of the globe. The first section of this volume is intended as a standalone primer on land tenure security and its connections with sustainable development. The book then explores key thematic challenges that interact directly with land tenure security, followed by a section on strategies for addressing tenure insecurity. The book concludes with a section on new frontiers in research, policy, and action. An invaluable reference for researchers in the field and for practitioners looking for a comprehensive overview of this important topic. This is an open access book.

Despite decades of study, conservation biocontrol via manipulation of landscape elements has not become a mainstream strategy for pest control. Meanwhile, conservation groups and governments rarely consider the impacts of land management on pest control, and growers can even fear that conservation biocontrol strategies may exacerbate pest problems. By finding leverage points among these actors, there may be opportunities to align them to promote more widespread adoption of conservation biological control at the landscape-scale. But are ecologists measuring the right things and presenting the right evidence to enable such alignment? We articulate key concerns of growers, conservation groups, and governments with regards to implementing conservation biological control at the landscape scale and argue that if ecologists want to gain more traction, we need to reconsider what we measure, for what goals, and for which audiences. A wider set of landscape objectives that ecologists should consider in our measurements include risk management for growers and co-benefits of multifunctional landscapes for public actors. Ecologists need to shift our paradigm toward longer-term, dynamic measurements, and build cross-disciplinary understanding with socioeconomic and behavioral sciences, to enable better integration of the objectives of these diverse actors that will be necessary for landscape management for conservation biocontrol to achieve its full potential. ; IFPRI3; CRP5; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply ; EPTD ; PR ; CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)

Abstract
We consider methods for model-based small area estimation when the number of areas with sampled data is a small fraction of the total areas for which estimates are required. Abundant auxiliary information is available from the survey for all the sampled areas. Further, through an external source, there is information for all areas. The goal is to use auxiliary variables to predict the outcome of interest for all areas. We compare areal-level random forests and LASSO approaches to a frequentist forward variable selection approach and a Bayesian shrinkage method using a horseshoe prior. Further, to measure the uncertainty of estimates obtained from random forests and the LASSO, we propose a modification of the split conformal procedure that relaxes the assumption of exchangeable data. We show that the proposed method yields intervals with the correct coverage rate and this is confirmed through a simulation study. This work is motivated by Ghanaian data available from the sixth Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) and the 2010 Population and Housing Census, in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) region, which comprises eight districts that are further divided into enumeration areas (EAs). We estimate the areal mean household log consumption using both datasets. The outcome variable is measured only in the GLSS for 3 percent of all the EAs (136 out of 5019) and 174 potential covariates are available in both datasets. In the application, among the four modeling methods considered, the Bayesian shrinkage performed the best in terms of bias, mean squared error (MSE), and prediction interval coverages and scores, as assessed through a cross-validation study. We find substantial between-area variation with the estimated log consumption showing a 1.3-fold variation across the GAMA region. The western areas are the poorest while the Accra Metropolitan Area district has the richest areas.