Suchergebnisse

The social context of substance abuse : a developmental perspective ; The special nature of rural America / Rand D. Conger -- Drug and alcohol use among youth in rural communities / Ruth W. Edwards -- Traffic and illegal production of drugs in rural America / Patrick J. O'Dea, Barbara Murphy, and Cecilia Balzer -- Risk and protective factors for drug use among rural American youth / E.R. Oetting ... [et al.] -- Health consequences of alcohol use in rural America / Gene H. Brody ... [et al.] -- Health consequences of rural illicit drug use : questions without answers / Dennis G. Fisher ... [et al.] -- Social and economic consequences of rural alcohol use / Kelly J. Kelleher and James M. Robbins -- The economic and social costs of drug abuse among the rural population / Joseph F. Donnermeyer --

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Editors -- Part I: Introduction to Substance Use -- 1: A Primer on Alcohol and Adolescent Brain Development: Implications for Prevention -- Introduction -- Adolescent Brain Development Is a New Area Research -- Adolescent Brain Basics -- Changes in the Frontal Lobes During Adolescence -- Changes in Other Parts of the Cortex -- Structures Involved in Emotional Reactivity and Risky Behaviors -- The Corpus Callosum and Sex Differences in Adolescent Brain Development -- Alcohol and Adolescent Brain Development -- Differences in Sensitivity to Alcohol Between Adolescents and Adults -- Age of Onset of Drinking -- Adolescent Neuroplasticity Facilitates the Learning of Both Adaptive and Maladaptive Habits -- Implications for Prevention -- Conclusions -- References -- 2: Epidemiology of Substance Use Internationally -- Introduction -- Data Collections and Caveats -- Prevalence of Substance Use -- Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illicit Drugs -- Injecting Drug Use -- New Psychoactive Substances -- Prevalence of Substance Dependence -- Substance-Related Health Burden -- Mortality -- Burden of Disease -- Risk Factors for Health Harms -- Conclusion -- References -- 3: An Integrative Perspective on the Etiology of Substance Use -- Introduction to the "Ecobiodevelopmental" Framework -- Person Level -- Genetic Susceptibilities and Personality Traits -- Behavioral and Mental Health -- Neurological Development -- Stress Exposures and Physiological Reactivity -- Microlevel Influences -- Parenting and Family Functioning -- Schools and Educational Opportunities -- Peer Influences -- Macro-Level Influences -- The Neighborhood and Physical Environment -- Income/Resources -- Public Policy/Government Influence -- An Integrative Perspective of the Etiology of Substance Use.

Energy system transition research has been experimenting with the integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis due to the increased articulation it provides. Current approaches tend to be heavily biased by qualitative or quantitative methodologies, and more often are aimed toward a single academic discipline. This paper proposes an interdisciplinary methodology for the elaboration of energy system socio-technical scenarios, applied here to the low carbon transition of the UK. An iterative approach was used to produce quantitative descriptions of the UK's energy transition out to 2050, building on qualitative storylines or narratives that had been developed through the formal application of a transition pathways approach. The combination of the qualitative and quantitative analysis in this way subsequently formed the cornerstone of wider interdisciplinary research, helping to harmonise assumptions, and facilitating 'whole systems' thinking. The methodology pulls on niche expertise of contributors to map and investigate the governance and technological landscape of a system change. Initial inconsistencies were found between energy supply and demand and addressed, the treatment of gas generation, capacity factors, total installed generating capacity and installation rates of renewables employed. Knowledge gaps relating to the operation of combined heat and power, sources of waste heat and future fuel sources were also investigated. Adopting the methodological approach to integrate qualitative and quantitative analysis resulted in a far more comprehensive elaboration than previously, providing a stronger basis for wider research, and for deducing more robust insights for decision-making. It is asserted that this formal process helps build robust future scenarios not only for socio political storylines but also for the quantification of any qualitative storyline.