Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics, attributes, and behaviors that promote healthy American Indian (AI) heterosexual couple relationships. Specific attention was given to the role AI men have in developing and maintaining healthy heterosexual couple relationships. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 AI participants. Key themes to emerge from analysis of qualitative data included learning about healthy relationships from elders, demonstrating mutual respect and trust, showing respect for women, and honoring a "balance" between love and sex. Findings suggest that interventions for AI men that reinforce Native beliefs, values, and practices are needed to strengthen AI couple relationships.

We present the ethical challenges and lessons learned over the course of a four-year community-based participatory research (CBPR) project conducted on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Greenland. Specifically discussed is Inuulluataarneq—the "Having the Good Life" study. Inuulluataarneq is an interdisciplinary international, collaborative CBPR study involving the University of Toronto in Canada, the Greenlandic Medical Research Council, the Centre for Primary Care in Nuuk, the University of Greenland, local health partners and communities in Greenland, the Statens Serum Institut in Denmark, and Montana State University in the United States. Inuulluataarneq is the first CBPR project implemented in Greenland. Ethical issues discussed are: (1) the complexity of working with multiple institutional review boards on an international health research project using a CBPR framework; (2) unexpected influences on health policy; and (3) the dynamic of balancing community decision making and practices with academic research requirements and expectations. Inuulluataarneq's primary contribution to understanding ethical issues when conducting research in the Arctic involves an acceptance of the time, patience, and dedication of researchers and community partners it takes to discuss, understand, and process differing ethical viewpoints and procedures.

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the historical trauma associated with settler colonialism affects the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of American Indian (AI) communities today. This article examines how one AI community narratively frames the influence of historical trauma within the context of community‐based participatory research (CBPR) and the implications of this framing for health behaviours, internalized oppression, SRH outcomes, and future CBPR interventions. We found that AIs framed the SRH consequences of historical trauma with renderings that favoured personal choice over structural explanations. Our findings suggest future interventions could: (1) include educational components on historical trauma and the continued role settler colonialism plays in structural violence against AI bodies and communities; and (2) recognize the role that the individualized logic of westernized/white culture may play in the erasure of traditional collectivist AI culture, internalized oppression, and SRH.

In this paper, we review existing ethical guidelines that support Circumpolar Indigenous Peoples' engagement in health research. For this study, we collated national and regional ethical guidelines addressing health research engaging with Indigenous communities. Our study found that ethical guidelines addressing Indigenous engagement in health research have emerged in Canada and the U.S.A. Currently, there are no Indigenous-specific provisions in national guidelines, or legislation concerning health research engaging Indigenous peoples, in Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, or Russia. Where guidelines exist, they show considerable variations. We conclude that guidelines are essential to ensure that research undertaken in Indigenous communities is relevant and beneficial to those communities, is conducted respectfully, and that results are appropriately contextualized and accurate. We believe that our analysis might serve as a checklist to support the development of comprehensive guidelines developed by, or at least in partnership with, Arctic Indigenous communities.

In this paper, we review existing ethical guidelines that support Circumpolar Indigenous Peoples' engagement in health research. For this study, we collated national and regional ethical guidelines addressing health research engaging with Indigenous communities. Our study found that ethical guidelines addressing Indigenous engagement in health research have emerged in Canada and the U.S.A. Currently, there are no Indigenous-specific provisions in national guidelines, or legislation concerning health research engaging Indigenous peoples, in Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, or Russia. Where guidelines exist, they show considerable variations. We conclude that guidelines are essential to ensure that research undertaken in Indigenous communities is relevant and beneficial to those communities, is conducted respectfully, and that results are appropriately contextualized and accurate. We believe that our analysis might serve as a checklist to support the development of comprehensive guidelines developed by, or at least in partnership with, Arctic Indigenous communities.

In the field of Arctic health, "resilience" is a concept used to describe the capacity to recover from adversities. The term is widely used in Arctic policy contexts; however, Arctic peoples and communities question whether "resilience" is an appropriate term to describe the human dimensions of health and wellbeing in the Arctic as it is currently applied. A scoping review of peer-reviewed and gray literature was conducted. We used searchable databases, Google Scholar, and Dartmouth College Library Services, to select studies conducted between 2000 and 2019 and key documents from the Arctic Council and other relevant organization and government entities. A scoping review framework was followed, and consultation among the authors provided initial scope, direction, and verification of findings. Analyses identified over- and underrepresented key thematic areas in the literature on human resilience in Arctic communities. Areas of overrepresentation in the literature included ecosystem, climate change, and environmental sciences. Areas that were underrepresented in the literature included health, medicine, wellness or well-being, and community voices on the topic of human resilience. Results indicated that "resilience" as a concept was applied across a diversity of contexts and subject areas in the Arctic and that this may have repercussions for understanding the human dimension of "resilience" and community expressions of well-being. Alternative terms and concepts with which Northern community members more closely identify could be used to more respectfully and accurately advance research in areas such as epidemiology, community health and well-being, and particularly Indigenous peoples' health.

In 2018 – 19, eight Indigenous and non-Indigenous individuals from Canada, Greenland/Denmark, Sweden, and Alaska/United States came together to address research questions relevant to Arctic nations' shared challenges and opportunities. Our work incorporated critical, community-based perspectives on Arctic health and well-being and promoted strengths-based approaches developed in partnership with Arctic communities. In this article we describe the group's 16 action-oriented policy recommendations to support health and well-being in the Arctic in four thematic areas: 1) acknowledge and integrate Indigenous rights and knowledges, 2) implement meaningful action to address Indigenous determinants of health, 3) expand health-oriented monitoring and assessment programs, and 4) implement community-led, critical research approaches that focus on partnerships, reciprocity, adherence to ethical guidelines, and funding community-based research. Our recommendations are actionable guidelines for policy and research aimed at reducing inequities, supporting Indigenous expertise and existing knowledge, and promoting thriving communities in the Arctic. ; En 2018-2019, huit personnes autochtones et non autochtones du Canada, du Groenland (Danemark), de la Suède et de l'Alaska (États-Unis) se sont réunies pour discuter de questions de recherche se rapportant aux défis et aux occasions se présentant dans les nations de l'Arctique. Notre travail a tenu compte de perspectives critiques et communautaires sur la santé et le bien-être dans l'Arctique, en plus de promouvoir des approches fondées sur les points forts, approches élaborées de concert avec des collectivités de l'Arctique. Dans cet article, nous décrivons les 16 recommandations de politiques axées sur des actions formulées par le groupe. Ces recommandations ont pour but de favoriser la santé et le bien-être dans l'Arctique et portent sur quatre grands thèmes : 1) reconnaître et intégrer les droits et les connaissances des Autochtones; 2) mettre en oeuvre des actions ...

In the field of Arctic health, "resilience" is a term and concept used to describe capacity to recover from difficulties. While the term is widely used in Arctic policy contexts, there is debate at the community level on whether "resilience" is an appropriate term to describe the human dimensions of health and wellness in the Arctic. Further, research methods used to investigate resilience have largely been limited to Western science research methodologies, which emphasize empirical quantitative studies and may not mirror the perspective of the Arctic communities under study. To explore conceptions of resilience in Arctic communities, a Sharing Circle was facilitated at the International Congress on Circumpolar Health in 2018. With participants engaging from seven of the eight Arctic countries, participants shared critiques of the term "resilience," and their perspectives on key components of thriving communities. Upon reflection, this use of a Sharing Circle suggests that it may be a useful tool for deeper investigations into health-related issues affecting Arctic Peoples. The Sharing Circle may serve as a meaningful methodology for engaging communities using resonant research strategies to decolonize concepts of resilience and highlight new dimensions for promoting thriving communities in Arctic populations.