Suchergebnisse

This paper presents a model for the integration of pastoral nomads into nation-states. To this. end, two areas of the world in which pastoral nomadism had been predominent within historic times-Central Asia and West Africa-were examined. Security considerations tended to overshadow economic considerations in the formation of state policy toward nomadic peoples in the two areas. However, a broader trend, involving the expansion of the world economic system can also be discerned. This pattern held constant under both capitalistic and socialistic governments.

The coffee industry rests upon the production of a global commodity
that has grown two-fold in volume and 3.5 times in value since the 1960s,
generating in the process billions of annual export dollars. This article
discusses coffee's history as a global commodity, and its environmental
and social implications. Occupying some 10 million hectares globally,
millions of small producers and their families depend upon coffee as their
major source of income. Their livelihood is threatened today by a price
crisis brought on by overproduction. But, innovative market initiatives
linked to social equity and ecological or conservation concerns have
the potential to lift producers out of the devastation caused by low
prices. Government and private sector actors also have a role to play
in solving the crisis.

Throughout the history of the family service movement, family service agencies have had to adapt to significant changes in society and the family. The program, funding, training, and administrative challenges facing family service agencies today should be considered part of the tradition of the movement. The historical responses of the movement to these challenges are juxtaposed with current challenges, demonstrating that family service is a flexible and informed movement capable of dealing with important social issues today.