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Inclusion in adapted sport: two sides of the same coin Abstract: This paper shows current inclusionprocesses in adapted sports. First, some aspects about inclusion are discussed from philosophical and practice perspectives, and its relationship with a functional and health-related model related physical activity and sport activities where client interacts with the personal and environment factors (facilitators and barriers). Second, current inclusion process in sport organizations is explained, exposing some of the disputes arising from this process, especially in regard to functional classifications and its relation with the special needs discourse. Finally, we propose a continuum for inclusion in physical activity and sports, from specific to full inclusion that offers more opportunities and ways of practice; more than two faces of the same coin. ; Resumen: El presente ensayo pretende mostrar al lector los procesos inclusivos que en la actualidad se están dando en el ámbito del deporte adaptado. En una primera instancia, se aborda el concepto de inclusión, exponiendo las bases filosóficas y prácticas (incluso algunas legislativas) que sustentan la misma, ubicándolo en un modelo actual de consideración del usuario de actividades físicas y deportivas como ente que interactúa con las condiciones de práctica y los elementos que facilitan o dificultan la misma. En un segundo término, se aborda el proceso actual de inclusión para con las organizaciones de deporte adaptado, exponiendo algunas de las controversias derivadas de dicho proceso, especialmente en lo que se refiere a las clasificaciones funcionales, que perpetúan el discurso de las necesidades especiales. Finalizaremos con una propuesta de continuo de inclusión que matiza las posibilidades de práctica inclusiva y específica, pudiendo dar una respuesta más rica y variada a las necesidades del individuo; más allá de las dos caras opuestas de una misma moneda.

Resumen: El presente ensayo pretende mostrar al lector los procesos inclusivos que en la actualidad se están dando en el ámbito del deporte adaptado. En una primera instancia, se aborda el concepto de inclusión, exponiendo las bases filosóficas y prácticas (incluso algunas legislativas) que sustentan la misma, ubicándolo en un modelo actual de consideración del usuario de actividades físicas y deportivas como ente que interactúa con las condiciones de práctica y los elementos que facilitan o dificultan la misma. En un segundo término, se aborda el proceso actual de inclusión para con las organizaciones de deporte adaptado, exponiendo algunas de las controversias derivadas de dicho proceso, especialmente en lo que se refiere a las clasificaciones funcionales, que perpetúan el discurso de las necesidades especiales. Finalizaremos con una propuesta de continuo de inclusión que matiza las posibilidades de práctica inclusiva y específica, pudiendo dar una respuesta más rica y variada a las necesidades del individuo; más allá de las dos caras opuestas de una misma moneda. Inclusion in adapted sport: two sides of the same coin Abstract: This paper shows current inclusionprocesses in adapted sports. First, some aspects about inclusion are discussed from philosophical and practice perspectives, and its relationship with a functional and health-related model related physical activity and sport activities where client interacts with the personal and environment factors (facilitators and barriers). Second, current inclusion process in sport organizations is explained, exposing some of the disputes arising from this process, especially in regard to functional classifications and its relation with the special needs discourse. Finally, we propose a continuum for inclusion in physical activity and sports, from specific to full inclusion that offers more opportunities and ways of practice; more than two faces of the same coin.

Vertical jump is a relevant variable in the classification of football for individuals with cerebral palsy. In this regard, the literature is limited. There are no studies assessing vertical jumping ability through kinematic methods and in more specific football game situations, such as jumps with a header. The goals of the present study were to assess how the modification of jumping conditions (without and with a header) might affect the kinematic and kinetic parameters of counter movement jumping, and whether the functional profiles of the players constrain their ability to jump vertically, both with and without a header. Thirteen male football players with cerebral palsy (27.7 ± 5.7 years old) and different functional profiles participated in this study. All the players performed ten counter movement jumps with arms swing, five headed a ball and five did not. The kinematic parameters were recorded with a 3D motion analysis system, and the kinetic parameters using a force platform. Significantly smaller angles of the hips (dg = 0.75–0.79; p < 0.01) and knees (dg = 1.04–1.15; p < 0.05), as well as greater ankle extension (dg = −0.71; p < 0.05), were observed during the eccentric phase of the jumps with a header. There were also asymmetries between legs in ankle extension during jumps with a header (dg = −1.06; p < 0.05), which could be an adjustment element for the precision of the jumps (i.e., header action). It should be mentioned that the jumping pattern could be partially affected by the functional profile of football players with cerebral palsy.