Suchergebnisse

This volume offers a snapshot of the research that is ongoing in the area of value transfer. It provides relevant input for increasing the quality of cost-benefit analyses of projects with environmental and health impacts. The volume includes papers by some of the most influential authors in the area and covers the latest developments in the field.

Machine generated contents note: PART I INTRODUCTION -- 1 Why value cultural heritage? 3 -- Richard C. Ready and Stdle Navrud -- 2 Methods for valuing cultural heritage 10 -- Richard C. Ready and Stdle Navrud -- PART II CASE STUDIES -- 3 Social costs and benefits of preserving and restoring the Nidaros Cathedral 31 -- Stdle Navrud and Jon Strand -- 4 Northumbria: castles, cathedrals and towns 40 -- Guy Garrod and Kenneth G. Willis -- 5 Valuing the impacts of air pollution on Lincoln Cathedral 53 -- Marilena Pollicino and David Maddison -- 6 Preserving cultural heritage in transition economies: a contingent valuation study of Bulgarian monasteries 68 -- Susana Mourato, Andreas Kontoleon and Alexi Danchev -- 7 Valuing different road options for Stonehenge 87 -- David Maddisson and Susana Mourato -- 8 The contribution of aboriginal rock paintings to wilderness recreation values in North America 105 -- Peter Boxall, Jeffrey Englin and Wiktor Adamowicz -- 9 Economic benefits to foreigners visiting Morocco accruing from the rehabilitation of the Fes Medina 118 -- Richard T. Carson, Robert C. Mitchell and Michael B. Conaway -- 10 Component and temporal value reliability in cultural goods: the case of Roman Imperial remains near Naples 142 -- Patrizia Riganti and Kenneth G. Willis -- 11 Valuing reduced acid deposition injuries to cultural resources: marble monuments in Washington, D.C. 159 -- Edward R. Morey, Kathleen Greer Rossmann, -- Lauraine G. Chestnut and Shannon Ragland -- 12 Valuing cultural services in Italian museums: a contingent valuation study 184 -- Marina Bravi, Riccardo Scarpa and Gemma Sirchia -- 13 A contingent valuation study of the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen 200 -- Trine Bille -- 14 Individual preferences and allocation mechanisms for a cultural public good: "Napoli Musei Aperti" 238 -- Walter Santagata and Giovanni Signorello -- PART III REVIEW OF STUDIES -- 15 Review of existing studies, their policy use and future research needs 257 -- David Pearce, Susana Mourato, Stdle Navrud and -- Richard C. Ready

A contingent valuation study measured citizen willingness to pay (WTP) for an improvement in surface water quality in Latvia. The average respondent was willing to pay 0.7 per cent of household income for the environmental improvement, but that amount was much less than needed to finance the required investments in treatment facilities. While the income elasticity of WTP for the average resident was low (0.56), it increases as income increases, reaching 0.9 at an income level double the current average. As real incomes increase in Latvia, the demand for environmental quality by citizens can be expected to increase substantially.

ABSTRACTA widely‐held belief is that stricter environmental regulations stifle economic growth. To determine empirically the effect of environmental conditions and policies on state‐level per capita income growth, a Barro‐type economic growth model was estimated for the years 1982 to 1991, which correspond to two consecutive troughs in the business cycle. States with better environmental conditions had significantly higher income growth rates during this period. At the same time, stricter environmental policies did not significantly depress income growth. Data used include recently developed, consistent measures of environmental policy and quality for individual states, as well as data from the 1980 U.S. Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis.

The paper introduces the reader to the contingent valuation method for monetary valuation of individuals preferences regarding changes to environmental goods. Approaches to the validity testing of results from such studies are discussed. These focus upon whether findings conform to prior expectations, in particular regarding whether valuations are sensitive to the size (or scope) of change being considered and whether they are invariant to changes in study design which are irrelevant from the perspective of economic theory. We apply such tests to a large sample study of two possible changes to the acidity levels of remote mountain lakes. Results suggest that robust values can be observed for a policy which would prevent further acidification of such lakes, but that values associated with measures to reduce acidity below present levels fail validity tests. Interestingly, values associated with preventing further acidification of lakes appear to be significantly lower for individuals who live further away from such lakes and there may even be a national component to this distance decay suggesting that those who live in the same country as the lakes in question hold higher values for their improvement.