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Purpose: Eco-innovation appears to be at the very heart of the European Union policy. It is of crucial importance for both single companies and the whole economic systems. At the same time eco-innovation is driven by the countless factors. Thus the purpose of the present research was to indicate the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation. Design/methodology/approach: The research relied on the systematic literature studies performed with the use of SALSA (Search, AppraisaL, Synthesis, Analysis) method. It focused on the papers published between January 2000 and June 2016. A total of 469 publications were examined selected form Scopus database. The precise appraisal procedure allowed indicating the ones including the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation. Findings: The studies of literature allowed indicating a total of 24 determinants. Moreover the results indicate that the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation may be divided based on two criteria. The first includes costsrelated and revenues-related determinants. The second includes strategic and operational levels. Research limitations/implications Together eleven publications were omitted in the research due to their incompletion or inaccessibility. Practical implications: Stimulating eco-innovation seems vital for all companies. Delivering a comprehensive set of the determinants of its efficiency will support executives in managing eco-innovation. Originality/value: The paper attempts to fulfil the research gap concerning the determinants of the efficiency of ecoinnovation. ; Cel badań Ekoinnowacje leżą w samym sercu polityki Unii Europejskiej, co jest szczególnie istotne zarówno dla pojedynczych spółek jak i całych systemów ekonomicznych. Jednocześnie, ekoinnowacje zależą od niezliczonej liczby czynników, stąd też celem podjętych badań było wskazanie determinant warunkujących efektywność ekoinnowacji. Metodologia badań Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o systematyczny przegląd literatury z wykorzystaniem metody SALSA (Search, AppraisaL, Synthesis, Analysis). Skoncentrowano się na artykułach opublikowanych między styczniem 2000 a czerwcem 2016 roku, łącznie przeanalizowano 469 publikacji korzystając z bazy danych Scopus. Szczegółowe badania pozwoliły na określenie tych, które dotyczyły czynników warunkujących efektywność ekoinnowacji. Wyniki badań Studia literaturowe wskazały 24 determinant. Ponadto, wyniki badań pozwoliły na dokonanie podziału czynników określających efektywność ekoinnowacji według dwóch następujących kryteriów: zależnych od kosztów i przychodów, oraz na poziomie operacyjnym i strategicznym. Ograniczenia badań Łącznie 11 publikacji zostało pominiętych w badaniu z uwagi na ich niekompletność lub niedostępność. Zastosowanie praktyczne przeprowadzonych badań Stymulowanie ekoinnowacji ma szczególne znaczenie dla wszystkich przedsiębiorstw. Zestawienie czynników warunkujących efektywność ekoinnowacji może wspierać kierownictwo w ich zarządzaniu. Oryginalność/znaczenie przeprowadzonych badań Praca wypełnia lukę badawczą w zakresie czynników warunkujących efektywność ekoinnowacji.

Purpose: Eco-innovation appears to be at the very heart of the European Union policy. It is of crucial importance for both single companies and the whole economic systems. At the same time eco-innovation is driven by the countless factors. Thus the purpose of the present research was to indicate the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation. Design/methodology/approach: The research relied on the systematic literature studies performed with the use of SALSA (Search, AppraisaL, Synthesis, Analysis) method. It focused on the papers published between January 2000 and June 2016. A total of 469 publications were examined selected form Scopus database. The precise appraisal procedure allowed indicating the ones including the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation. Findings: The studies of literature allowed indicating a total of 24 determinants. Moreover the results indicate that the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation may be divided based on two criteria. The first includes costs-related and revenues-related determinants. The second includes strategic and operational levels. Research limitations/implications Together eleven publications were omitted in the research due to their incompletion or inaccessibility. Practical implications: Stimulating eco-innovation seems vital for all companies. Delivering a comprehensive set of the determinants of its efficiency will support executives in managing eco-innovation. Originality/value: The paper attempts to fulfil the research gap concerning the determinants of the efficiency of eco-innovation.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies indicate that the treatment of obesity is unsuccessful. The cause of this situation is that patients are not sufficiently educated about therapeutic methods and the health consequences of not treating obesity. Moreover, obesity prevention strategies differ significantly between EU countries. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to examine and compare the level of obesity-related knowledge and illness perception among obese patients from Poland and Germany. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional international multicentre study was conducted. The study included 564 subjects above 18 years old (210 German patients and 354 Polish patients) with obesity. A validated custom-made questionnaire was used to evaluate obesity-related knowledge. Patient illness perception was evaluated using Polish and German language versions of the standardized Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). RESULTS: Obese patients from Germany had significantly higher level of obesity-related knowledge than patients from Poland (22.01 ± 4.68 vs 19.17 ± 6.59, p<0.0001). Obesity-related knowledge was associated with the patient's education, patient participation in therapeutic educational programs, patient's perception of the illness, age and the number of healthcare professionals involved in the patient's treatment process. CONCLUSION: The level of obesity-related knowledge among both Polish and German patients is unsatisfactory. This study suggests that health education is required to facilitate informed choices and support the use of cognitive approaches educating patients on the health consequences of obesity.

Anna Paczkowska,1 Karolina Hoffmann,2 Jonas Raakow,3 Matthias Pross,4 Rafael Berghaus,4 Michał Michalak,5 Wiesław Bryl,2 Kinga Marzec,1 Dorota Kopciuch,1 Tomasz Zaprutko,1 Piotr Ratajczak,1 Elżbieta Nowakowska,6 Krzysztof Kus1 1Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Social Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; 2Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders and Arterial Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; 3Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany; 4Department of Surgery, DRK Kliniken Berlin, Köpenick, Berlin, 12559, Germany; 5Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; 6Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, PolandCorrespondence: Anna Paczkowska, Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Social Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 7 Street, Poznan, 60-806, Poland, Tel +48 507 975 635, Fax +48 618546894, Email aniapaczkowska@ump.edu.plBackground: Recent studies indicate that the treatment of obesity is unsuccessful. The cause of this situation is that patients are not sufficiently educated about therapeutic methods and the health consequences of not treating obesity. Moreover, obesity prevention strategies differ significantly between EU countries.Objective: The primary aim of this study was to examine and compare the level of obesity-related knowledge and illness perception among obese patients from Poland and Germany.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional international multicentre study was conducted. The study included 564 subjects above 18 years old (210 German patients and 354 Polish patients) with obesity. A validated custom-made questionnaire was used to evaluate obesity-related knowledge. Patient illness perception was evaluated using Polish and German language versions of the standardized Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ).Results: Obese patients from Germany had significantly higher level of obesity-related knowledge than patients from Poland (22.01 ± 4.68 vs 19.17 ± 6.59, p< 0.0001). Obesity-related knowledge was associated with the patient's education, patient participation in therapeutic educational programs, patient's perception of the illness, age and the number of healthcare professionals involved in the patient's treatment process.Conclusion: The level of obesity-related knowledge among both Polish and German patients is unsatisfactory. This study suggests that health education is required to facilitate informed choices and support the use of cognitive approaches educating patients on the health consequences of obesity.Keywords: obesity, patient education, health education, health behaviour, illness perception