Suchergebnisse

Beyond the Bologna Process key objective of achieving a common structure of the European tertiary educational format is the fundamental issue of the changing content of higher education. The highly specialized curricula of the Industrial Society no longer fully meet the needs of an emerging Knowledge Society that requires citizens with entrepreneurial and inter-cultural capabilities to innovate and respond to change in an increasingly inter-connected world. In this article we propose an innovative approach to undergraduate education called the Novum Trivium, comprised of (i) academic specialization, (ii) innovation and entrepreneurship, and (iii) a language and culture in addition to one's own, as a new higher-education paradigm for the Knowledge Society. This vision of undergraduate education aims to contribute to the realization of the Bologna Process objective of better integrating education, research and innovation. The Novum Trivium brings together three diverse, yet complementary, educational skill sets, in a modern version of the Tripos degree introduced by Cambridge University in the 17th century as an honours degree in mathematics that eventually became a format that encompassed three closely related disciplines such as politics, philosophy and economics. The Novum Trivium is also inspired by the medieval Trivium of grammar, rhetoric and dialectics (logic), the essential elements of education for all.

Intro -- Series Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: An Overview of Government Intervention to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- Chapter 1: An Overview -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Part 1: An Overview of Government Intervention to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 1.3 Part II: Non-tax Incentives to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 1.4 Part III: Tax Incentives to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship from an International Perspective -- References -- Chapter 2: Tax Versus Non-tax Incentives to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship: An International Perspective -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 An Overview of Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 2.3 Review of Tax and Non-tax Incentives to Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 2.3.1 Rationales for Incentives -- 2.3.2 Tax Incentives to Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 2.3.2.1 Tax Incentives for Innovation -- 2.3.2.1.1 Tax Incentives for R& -- D -- 2.3.2.1.2 Specific Tax Rate -- 2.3.2.1.3 Patent Box -- 2.3.2.2 Tax Incentives to Entrepreneurship -- 2.3.2.2.1 Tax Incentives to Angel Investors -- 2.3.2.2.2 Tax Incentives to Venture Capital and Crowd Fund -- 2.3.3 Non-tax Incentives for Innovation and Entrepreneurship -- 2.3.3.1 Financial Assistance -- 2.3.3.2 Government Grants -- 2.3.3.3 Public Procurement -- 2.4 Research Methodology -- 2.4.1 Brief Overview of Methodology -- 2.4.2 Simplified Flowchart of the Dynamic IaE Process -- 2.5 Data Collection and Analysis -- 2.5.1 Experts Focus Group -- 2.5.2 Analysis of the Results -- 2.6 Summary and Conclusion -- 2.7 Limitation of Research -- References -- Chapter 3: The Role of Tax Incentives in the Promotion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Time and a Place -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Context: Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Research and Development.