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The aim of this research study is to test an integrative model of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition based on theories of cognition, social capital, environmental development and personality.240 entrepreneurs in the services industry participated in this survey. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the model and find the factors that predict entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Overall, eight hypotheses were tested and six were supported. Schema was found to be the strongest significant variable amongst all.The study results indicate that entrepreneurs who discover opportunities organize prior knowledge and information related to their field in a manner that is easily accessible, have confidence in themselves, use social networks (both weak and strong ties) and see opportunities in changes in the economic environment.The study implies that potential entrepreneurs should be supported in terms of their social networks and instructed in the beliefs about the information and changes in the environment needed to spot opportunities. Governments play a role in providing a munificent economic environment.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the factors that influence attitudes toward counterfeits, and the intention to purchase these illegal products in a Muslim country.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 401 participants completed a questionnaire that contained 41 statements related to beliefs about counterfeited products such as risks, ethics and social norms. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were performed to test the measurement and structural models.FindingsValue consciousness, performance risk (negative relationship), norms (subjective and descriptive) and ethical consciousness influence attitude. Previous purchase moderates attitude and intention. Attitude explains a considerable percentage of the variance of intention to purchase counterfeits. Beliefs explain attitude to a large extent.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a lack of product specification; also respondents were more educated than the population (73.3 per cent have a university degree).Practical implicationsPeople do not see themselves as being unethical in buying counterfeits, even in a religious environment and do not perceive prosecution risks. Government enforcement is important to alter these perceptions. Finding the right price that preserves a premium price for the brand and a perceived "fair" price may be the answer to the problem.Originality/valueThe paper describes a study conducted in an Arab Muslim and rich Middle Eastern country. Previous studies in Asian countries, less economically advantaged and with Muslim populations, have not related their findings to religious beliefs or ethical consciousness.