Suchergebnisse

Cèl·lules immunitàries d'eriçó de mar infectades; Nanointeracció; Quiescència i activació immune ; Células inmunes de erizo de mar infectadas; Nanointeracción; Quiescencia y activación inmune ; Infected sea urchin immune cells; Inanointeraction; Quiescence and immune activation ; We investigated the role of the gold nanoparticles functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP–AuNPs) on the innate immune response against an acute infection caused by Vibrio anguillarum in an in vitro immunological nonmammalian next-generation model, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. To profile the immunomodulatory function of PVP–AuNPs (0.1 μg mL−1) in sea urchin immune cells stimulated by Vibrio (10 μg mL−1) for 3 h, we focused on the baseline immunological state of the donor, and we analysed the topography, cellular metabolism, and expression of human cell surface antigens of the exposed cells, as well as the signalling leading the interaction between PVP–AuNPs and the Vibrio-stimulated cells. PVP–AuNPs are not able to silence the inflammatory signalling (TLR4/p38MAPK/NF-κB signalling) that involves the whole population of P. lividus immune cells exposed to Vibrio. However, our findings emphasise the ability of PVP–AuNPs to stimulate a subset of rare cells (defined here as Group 3) that express CD45 and CD14 antigens on their surface, which are known to be involved in immune cell maturation and macrophage activation in humans. Our evidence on how PVP–AuNPs may stimulate sea urchin immune cells represents an important starting point for planning new research work on the topic. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (No. 671881).

Cerium oxide nanoparticles; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Antioxidant agent ; Nanopartículas de óxido de cerio; Enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico; Agente antioxidante ; Nanopartícules d'òxid de ceri; Malalties hepàtiques no alcohòliques; Agent antioxidant ; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, ranging from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recently, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have emerged as a new antioxidant agent with hepatoprotective properties in experimental liver disease. The aim of the current investigation was to elucidate whether CeO2NPs display beneficial effects in an experimental model of NAFLD.Therefore, fifteen Wistar rats were subjected to a methionine and choline deficient diet (MCDD) for 6 weeks and intravenously treated with CeO2NP or vehicle during the weeks three and four of the diet. The effect of CeO2NPs on serum biochemistry, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fatty acid content and expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid metabolism related genes was assessed. MCDD fed rats showed increased inflammation, enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) and overexpression of genes related to fatty liver and ROS metabolism. Treatment with CeO2NPs was able to reduce the size and content of hepatocyte lipid droplets, the hepatic concentration of triglyceride- and cholesterol ester-derived FAs and the expression of several genes involved in cytokine, adipokine and chemokine signaling pathways. These findings suggest that CeO2NPs could be of beneficial value in NAFLD. ; This research was supported by grants to W. Jiménez from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [grants SAF2015-64126R, 12-35979, BES-2013-063685, SAFRTI2018-094734-B-C21], to M. Morales-Ruiz [grant SAF2016-75358-R] and to G. Casals [grant P74844I/15/00777]; Cofinanced by FEDER, European Union, a way of making Europe, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca [grant SGR 2014/219]. The Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

Nanopartícules d'òxid de ceri; Cèl·lules hepàtiques humanes; Fosfoproteòmica ; Nanopartículas de óxido de cerio; Células hepáticas humanas; Fosfoproteómica ; Cerium oxide nanoparticles; Human hepatic cells; Phosphoproteomics ; Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) possess powerful antioxidant properties, thus emerging as a potential therapeutic tool in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression, which is characterized by a high presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether CeO2NPs can prevent or attenuate oxidant injury in the hepatic human cell line HepG2 and to investigate the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. The effect of CeO2NPs on cell viability and ROS scavenging was determined, the differential expression of pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress-related genes was analyzed, and a proteomic analysis was performed to assess the impact of CeO2NPs on cell phosphorylation in human hepatic cells under oxidative stress conditions. CeO2NPs did not modify HepG2 cell viability in basal conditions but reduced H2O2- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell death and prevented H2O2-induced overexpression of MPO, PTGS1 and iNOS. Phosphoproteomic analysis showed that CeO2NPs reverted the H2O2-mediated increase in the phosphorylation of peptides related to cellular proliferation, stress response, and gene transcription regulation, and interfered with H2O2 effects on mTOR, MAPK/ERK, CK2A1 and PKACA signaling pathways. In conclusion, CeO2NPs protect HepG2 cells from cell-induced oxidative damage, reducing ROS generation and inflammatory gene expression as well as regulation of kinase-driven cell survival pathways. ; This research was funded by grants to W. Jiménez from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [grants, SAF2015-64126-R, RTI2018-094734-B-C21], to M. Morales-Ruiz [grant SAF2016-75358-R] and to G. Casals [grant PI-15/00777]; cofinanced by FEDER, European Union, a way of making Europe, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca [grant SGR 2014/219]; and Fundació La Marató de TV3 [grant Marató 120930]; Wuyi University Funding for Hight Talents Introduction, grant number 2018TP010 and Foundation from Department of Education of Guangdong Province, grant number 2016KCXTD005 and 2017KSYS010, to Eudald Casals The Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

The global economic success of man-made nanoscale materials has led to a higher production rate and diversification of emission sources in the environment. For these reasons, novel nanosafety approaches to assess the environmental impact of engineered nanomaterials are required. While studying the potential toxicity of metal nanoparticles (NPs), we realized that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have a growth-promoting rather than a stress-inducing effect. In this study we established stable short-and long-term exposition systems for testing plant responses to NPs. Exposure of plants to moderate concentrations of AuNPs resulted in enhanced growth of the plants with longer primary roots, more and longer lateral roots and increased rosette diameter, and reduced oxidative stress responses elicited by the immune-stimulatory PAMP flg22. Our data did not reveal any detri-mental effects of AuNPs on plants but clearly showed positive effects on growth, presumably by their protective influence on oxidative stress responses. Differential transcriptomics and proteomics analyses revealed that oxidative stress responses are downregulated whereas growth-promoting genes/proteins are upregulated. These omics datasets after AuNP exposure can now be exploited to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of AuNP-induced growth-promotion. ; This research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement PANDORA, no. 671881.

Carcinoma hepatocel·lular; Regeneració hepàtica; Nanocèria ; Carcinoma hepatocelular; Regeneración hepática; Nanoceria ; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver regeneration; Nanoceria ; Oxidative stress induced by the overproduction of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been considered as a key pathogenic mechanism contributing to the initiation and progression of injury in liver diseases. Consequently, during the last few years antioxidant substances, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), resveratrol, colchicine, eugenol, and vitamins E and C have received increasing interest as potential therapeutic agents in chronic liver diseases. These substances have demonstrated their efficacy in equilibrating hepatic ROS metabolism and thereby improving liver functionality. However, many of these agents have not successfully passed the scrutiny of clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, mainly due to their unspecificity and consequent uncontrolled side effects, since a minimal level of ROS is needed for normal functioning. Recently, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have emerged as a new powerful antioxidant agent with therapeutic properties in experimental liver disease. CeO2NPs have been reported to act as a ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenger and to have multi-enzyme mimetic activity, including SOD activity (deprotionation of superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide), catalase activity (conversion of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water), and peroxidase activity (reducing hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals). Consequently, the beneficial effects of CeO2NPs treatment have been reported in many different medical fields other than hepatology, including neurology, ophthalmology, cardiology, and oncology. Unlike other antioxidants, CeO2NPs are only active at pathogenic levels of ROS, being inert and innocuous in healthy cells. In the current article, we review the potential of CeO2NPs in several experimental models of liver disease and their safety as a therapeutic agent in humans as well. ; Researches referred by the authors were funded by Fundació La Marató de TV3 (grant Marató 120930), Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (SAF15-64126-R and RTI2018-094734-B-C21, PID2019-105502RB, and BES-2017-08023), Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (SGR 2017/2019), and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS PI15-00077 and FIS PI19-00774) co-financed by FEDER, European Union, "A way of making Europe" and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31950410536). The Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles; Oxidative stress; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; Nanopartículas de óxido de cerio; Estrés oxidativo; Enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico ; Nanopartícules d'òxid de ceri; Estrès oxidatiu; Malalties hepàtiques no alcohòliques ; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic accumulation of lipids. Antisteatotic effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have recently been shown in animal models of liver disease. However, it is unclear whether the activity of CeO2NPs is related solely to the decrease in oxidative stress or, in addition, they directly decrease liver fatty acid accumulation. To address this question, in this work, we used an in vitro model of hepatocellular steatosis, exposing HepG2 cells to oleic and palmitic acid. Cell uptake of CeO2NPs and their effect on oxidative stress and viability of hepatic cells cultured with H2O2 were also evaluated. Results show that CeO2NPs were uptaken by HepG2 cells and reduced oxidative stress and improved cell viability. Treatment with oleic and palmitic acid increased lipogenesis and the content of different fatty acids. CeO2NPs reduced palmitic and stearic acid and most fatty acids consisting of more than 18 carbon atoms. These effects were associated with significant changes in elongase and desaturase activity. In conclusion, CeO2NPs directly protected HepG2 cells from cell injury in oxidative stress conditions and reduced fatty acid content in steatotic conditions by inducing specific changes in fatty acid metabolism, thus showing potential in the treatment of NAFLD. ; This research was funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, grant number PI15-00077 to G.C. and SAF2016-75358-R to M.M-R., co-financed by FEDER, European Union, "A way of making Europe".; "Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya, convocatòria d'Indústria del Coneixement modalitat B", grant number 2018_PROD_00187 toW.J, cofinanced by the European Union through ...